ACER	(MAPLE)	Family: ACERACEAE
Deciduous trees native to North Temperate Zones. As a group, among the most valuable of landscape trees.

ACER carpinifolium New Spring acer31 Hornbeam Maple 10m  Zone: 5 A small deciduous tree native to Japan, growing in woodlands and alongside streams in mountainous areas. Bark is smooth, dark greenish-grey to grey-brown and the unique bright-green, dinstinctly veined leaves on bright red petioles in spring resemble those of Carpinus. These turn a good yellow in autumn. Rarely seen. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.75

ACER japonicum Aconitifolium (Moist Packed) New Spring acer25 Fern Leaf Maple 5-10m  Zone: 5/6 Native to Japan and Korea, a small maple with drooping corymbs of purplish-red flowers in spring. The beautiful, deeply incised foliage turns a spectacular range of colour in the autumn, yellow, orange, reds, pinks and purples-- often on the same leaf. Offspring will come true to type. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist-packed as an aid to germination. Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $5.00

ACER palmatum (ex Bloodgood) (Moist Packed) New Spring acer26 5-7m  Zone: 5 A small, upright maple with palmate foliage and purple-red flowers in spring. Bloodgood is a red-leaved form selected for its very good burgundy foliage and its ability to hold the colour well throughout the growing season. Red samaras are quite prominent and add to the tree's overall beauty. Will come true. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist-packed as an aid to germination. Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $5.00

ACER palmatum dissectum (Moist Packed) New acer27 Lace-Leaf Japanese Maple 1.5m With green, finely cut, feathery foliage and a dome-like, weeping form, this is the classic Japanese maple for use as a specimen. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist-packed as an aid to germination. Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $5.00

ACER pseudosieboldianum (Moist Packed) Spring acer10 Purplebloom or Korean Maple 6m  Zone: 3 This is the choice for all of you who have been longing for a Japanese maple but live in an area with extremely cold winters. Leaves are similar to Acer japonicum and Acer palmatum in shape and texture but its habit is more open than either. Most maples have green or yellowish green flowers, however, on this species they are purple. A beautiful small landscape tree with the bonus of good fall colors ranging from scarlet to orange and yellow. Best used as a focal point in part shade in company with low growing ferns and shade tolerant perennials. Very limited this year. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist-packed to preserve viabilty. Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $5.00    Sorry...Sold Out

ACER tataricum ginnala New acer02 Amur Maple 6m  Zone: 2 An extremely hardy, picturesque, dense small tree native to Asia. Craggy, with silvery bark and a spreading, open crown. Small, toothed, shiny leaves. Insignificant, but fragrant flowers: one of the few scented Maples. The winged fruits turn bright red in the summer while the leaves are still green, making a lovely color combination. Amur Maples produce very showy, truly brilliant colors in the autumn. Perhaps the best red available. Tolerant of adverse conditions. A very good tree as a specimen or for screening. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $3.75

ACER palmatum dissec. (Atro. Group) (Moist) New acer28 Seed of a beautiful wine-red cultivar of the Atropurpureum Group with a weeping habit and finely dissected foliage. Will come true from seed. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist-packed as an aid to germination. Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $5.00

ACER rufinerve (Moist Packed) New acer30 Honshu or Red-Veined Maple 8-10m  Zone: 5/6 A strong-growing, upright, spreading species. This is a rare-in-commerce snake-bark maple with particularly attractive bark. Dark, narrow gray stripes run lengthwise up the lustrous green surface eventually in older specimens turning into a characteristic diamond pattern. The lobed foliage has reddish down on the veins of the leaf undersides; fall colour is yellow/orange/red. Fairly intolerant of hot climates. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist-packed as an aid to germination. Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $5.25

ALNUS

ALNUS hirsuta Spring alnus02 Manchurian Alder 8-9m  Zone: 3 Native to east Asia, from Japan to Manchuria, growing in the mountains and on hills. One of the best alders and when growing in a suitable location, forms a handsome tree with dark green leaves and a broad pyramidal habit. Related to A. incana, but with larger fruits and rounder leaves. 30 seeds  $4.00

ALNUS incana var. rugosa Spring alnus04 Speckled Alder 4m  Zone: 2 A rhizomateous shrub or small tree native throughout North America, growing on moist to wet, poorly-drained sites and often forming thickets in the wild. The common name is a reference to the conspiculous orange lenticels (spongy openings for gas exchange) which cover the bark. The foliage is dark green above, yellow-green and hairy below. Catkins appear in spring, followed by small cone-like fruits. While too coarse for most home landscaping, this is a good choice for disturbed site rehabilitation and providing streambank stability and erosion control. The presence of nitrogen-fixing, symbiotic bacteria in its root nodules makes speckled alder valuable for soil conditioning. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $3.75

AMORPHA		Family: LEGUMINOSAE
15 species of aromatic shrubs native to North America with pea-like foliage and flowers in racemes.

AMORPHA canescens Summer amorpha01 Leadplant Amorpha 75cm  Zone: 2 Native from Michigan to Saskatchewan. Long spikes of shimmering purple and orange pea flowers. Foliage is an interesting gray-green and can be used for contrast in the garden. Prefers dry, sandy areas in full sun. Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed required. 30 seeds  $4.00

AMORPHA fruticosa Early Summer amorpha02 Indigobush Amorpha 4m  Zone: 4 Deciduous shrub with pinnately compound leaves and unusual purplish-blue flowers with orange anthers borne in 3-6" upright spikes. Transplants readily for a legume and does extremely well in poor, dry, sandy soils and full sun. Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed required. 20 seeds  $3.25

AMORPHA nana New Mid-Summer amorpha03 Fragrant False Indigo 40cm  Zone: 2 Graceful, dense, fine-textured small shrublet with soft olive-green foliage and violet-blue flower spikes. Occurs over a wide range from the Canadian prairie to Iowa and New Mexico. For full sun and well drained ordinary soil. 20 seeds  $4.00

ANDROMEDA		Family: ERICACEAE
A genus of two low, evergreen shrubs.

ANDROMEDA glaucophylla Spring andromeda01 Bog Rosemary 10-30cm  Zone: 2 A lovely, low, spreading, evergreen shrub, native to northern North America growing on wet soils, especially in peatlands, open bogs and fens. Foliage is evergreen, firm and leathery; dark often bluish-green above, leathery, distinctly white below, with fine, waxy powder; the edges rolled under. White to pinkish urn-shaped flowers appear in drooping clusters at the branch tips in late spring. Will adapt to moist soil in ordinary garden conditions. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 30 seeds  $4.25

ARCTOSTAPHYLLOS	(BEARBERRY)	Family: ERICACEAE
A genus of mainly evergreen dwarf creeping shrubs or small trees native to North America.

ARCTOSTAPHYLLOS uva ursi Spring arctostaphyllos02 Kinnikinnick 5-15cm  Zone: 2 A beautiful, evergreen mat-like shrub, growing on rocky outcrops and the floor of open woods. Small, leathery leaves and long, trailing stems with brownish-red peeling bark. Flowers are urn-shaped, pink to white followed by brilliant red, dry berries. A wonderful groundcover for a sunny, open space. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 40 seeds  $4.25

BERBERIS	(BARBERRY)	Family: BERBERIDACEAE
A genus of 450 evergreen and deciduous shrubs native to Eurasia and the Americas with usually spiny, yellow wood and simple, alternate or whorled leaves. Flowers yellow to dark orange-red borne singly or in racemes or umbels followed by ornamental fruit. The barberries are outstanding landscape plants. Moderate-sized, slow-growing and adaptable, with glossy foliage, attractive flowers in the spring followed by red or frosty berries in the fall. The shrubs possess a busy exuberance of stems and branches which gives a plant of substance and quality. They remain handsome throughout the garden year and are not particular as to soil. Will grow best in full sun, but tolerate considerable shade. The berries of Berberis are edible, both fresh and cooked. They can be made into a pleasantly cooling drink or turned into tart sauces, jams, purees and preserves, requiring no pectin. The berries are also candied or dried into raisins.

BERBERIS koreana Late Spring berberis01 Korean Barberry 1.5m  Zone: 4 A beautiful compact shrub with medium to dark green foliage turning rich shades of yellow, orange and reddish purple in autumn. Bright yellow flowers on 4" long pendulous racemes provide a delicate floral beauty uncommon to the ordinary landscape barberries. Egg-shaped, reddish fruits in long clusters hang from the branches in fall and are effective from fall into winter. Germination Instructions: Brief cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

BETULA
A genus of 60 trees and shrubs known for their beautiful glossy bark, often exfoliating, in shades of white, pink, amber or brown.

BETULA alleghaniensis Spring betula01 Yellow Birch 20m  Zone: 3 Yellow Birch is native to northern hardwoods and the provincial tree of Quebec. It is a medium-size tree with an irregular crown. Leaves are dark green, egg-shaped, pointed at the tip, and serrated, turning yellow in autumn. The light-gray or shiny golden bark is smooth on young trees, becoming a dark yellow-gold and separating into thin, papery shreds; breaking into ragged plates as the tree matures. It is a lovely sight seeing the sun playing on the shredded gold bark. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

BETULA humilis Spring betula02 Dwarf or Shrub Birch .5-2m  Zone: 2 From Siberia and Europe, a rare, very hardy, much-branched small, upright shrub with dark-brown bark, tinged black. Fine, delicate foliage. The catkins are held erect on upright stems making a lovely display even after the leaves fall. The seeds are wingless and quite unique. This species is endangered or at risk in many areas of Europe as bogs disappear. Being a wetland dweller in the wild, it would prefer a damp situation in the garden, but will tolerate a dryer site, once established. Can be used like B. nana in the garden. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 30 seeds  $4.25

BETULA lenta betula16 Black, Sweet or Cherry Birch 15-18m  Zone: 3 This species was at one time the only source of oil of wintergreen. It is the aroma of wintergreen emanating from crushed leaves and broken twigs to which this birch owes its common name, sweet. Its specific name, lenta, is derived from the tough yet flexible twigs that characterize the species. The wood is also unique. When exposed to air it darkens to a color resembling mahogany and, in times past, was used as an inexpensive substitute for the more valued tropical wood. Native to eastern North America, it is a fast-growing medium-sized tree with a broad, spreading and round crown. The shiny, toothed green leaves reliably colour a uniform golden yellow in autumn. Mature bark is black and plate-like, non-exfoliating. Resistant to bronze birch borer. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment recommended. 30 seeds  $4.25

BETULA maximowicziana Late Spring betula21 Monarch or Linden-Leaf Birch 15-30m  Zone: 5 Native to northern Japan and the largest leaved of all Birches. Fast growing with an open crown; twigs dark red-brown, bark gray and white, tinted with orange, peeling somewhat. Leaves serrate, dark green with a showy gold-yellow fall color. 30 seeds  $4.25

BETULA neoalaskana Late spring betula23 Alaska White Birch 15-25m  Zone: 1/2 A small tree with a wide native range from northwestern Ontario to western Alaska, growing on rocky or peaty slopes, bog margins, sandhills and open woods. It belongs to a circumpolar complex including B. pendula and populifolia and is most closely related to the Asian members of this group (japonica, mandshurica and platyphylla). It is an upright tree, with a narrow crown and glossy green foliage, turning yellow in autumn. The bark of twigs and young trees is dark, from reddish to almost black, and covered with resin glands. The mature bark ranges widely in color, from pure white to red, yellowish, pinkish, or gray, peeling off in papery layers. 25 seeds  $4.25

BETULA papyrifera 15m betula10 Paper Birch 20-25m  Zone: 2 Paper Birch is a northern species with a fast growth rate, preferring a cool environment and thriving on moist, well-drained soils. It can be single or multi-trunked with stark, white, exfoliating, papery bark when mature; striking in all seasons, and particularly in winter. Leaves are simple, lustrous green turning golden yellow in autumn. The sap from paper birch can be collected and boiled down to produce a molasses-like syrup. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 100 seeds  $4.00

BETULA platyphylla var. japonica Summer betula24 Japanese White Birch 8m  Zone: 4 A large tree with a fast growth rate native to Japan. Bark is showy and bright-white; not exfoliating. Serrated, glossy, dark-green leaves turn a clear yellow in fall. Seed comes wild collected from a Japanese correspondent. Quantity is limited. 30 seeds  $4.00

BETULA platyphylla var. japonica 'Whitespire' betula13 Seed from the cultivar 'Whitespire.' Borers are a major problem with most Betula species, particularly newly planted trees or ones that are stressed. The original seeds of this birch were collected by John L. Creech of the U.S. plant introduction station in 1951 from a single tree in the Yatsugatake Mountains, Japan. Dr. Hasselkus of the University of Wisconsin planted 5 trees from these seeds and selected 1 of these which had the best developed white bark and over-all growth habit. This tree became know as 'Whitespire Birch'. Seedlings from this cultivar do not necessarily show the same level of borer resistance as vegetatively propagated plants. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.00

BETULA populifolia betula06 Gray Birch 6-12m  Zone: 4 Native to eastern North America, preferring dry barren uplands, also moist soils, in mixed woodlands. Gray birch is a small, fast-growing species, often multiple-trunked in habit and with drooping branches. Bark is non-peeling, grey to very chalky-white. Attractive shiny, dark-green foliage turns yellow in fall. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 100 seeds  $4.00

BETULA pubescens Spring betula19 Downy Birch 10-20m  Zone: 2 A very hardy small tree native throughout northern Europe, Iceland and northern Asia, common on wet, poorly drained clay sites and bogs. It has a slender crown and the smooth, grey-white bark is finely marked with dark horizontal lenticels. The shoots are grey-brown and downy. The alternative round to oval leaves are dark-green with a finely serrated margin. The flowers are catkins, produced in early spring before the leaves. The sap is rich in sugar and when tapped in spring can be made into birch wine. Seed wild collected in Lepsama, Nyland, Finland. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

BETULA pumila betula09 Bog Birch 1-3m  Zone: 3 Native to northeastern North America, a shrubby birch growing in fens, bogs or wooded swamps. It is one of the prettiest of the small birches with a wide-spreading habit. The beautiful, small, scalloped and glossy leaves turn a blazing scarlet in autumn. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 100 seeds  $4.00

CALLUNA

CALLUNA vulgaris Late Summer calluna01 Heather 20-50cm  Zone: 4 Native to western North America, northern and western Europe and ranging into Siberia, growing on well-drained acidic soils in open, sunny spots and in moderate shade. It is a common, often dominating, component of heath and moorland habitats, and also on peat bogs and in open pine forests. Heather is the national flower of Norway, although it also has strong associations with Scotland. A small, dense, erect evergreen shrub with fine, scale-like foliage and pink, mauve to purple flowers in late summer. Seed wild collected in Finland. Photograph: Wikipedia Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

CALYCANTHUS	(SPICEBUSH)	Family: CALYCANTHACEAE
A genus of six beautifully aromatic deciduous shrubs native to eastern China and North America.

CALYCANTHUS floridus Spring calycanthus01 Carolina Allspice to 2.7m  Zone: 4 Native to eastern North America this is a beautiful dense, deciduous shrub, much underused in gardens. The lustrous, oblong leaves are a rich, deep green, turning yellow in autumn. Calycanthus has many common names and all allude to the aromatic properties of its leaves, bark, twigs and roots. Best of all is the wonderfully fruity (strawberry?) scent produced by the unusual flowers. The large rusty-red blossoms appear in spring and sporatically throughout the summer. These are followed by fragrant pear-shaped capsules. Thrives in either full sun or shade. We are pleased to offer wild collected seed this year (Tennessee). 12 seeds  $4.50

CARAGANA	(PEA SHRUB)	Family: LEGUMINOSAE
Decorative deciduous shrubs or small trees, mainly from Asia with pea-like foliage and usually yellow flowers in clusters. Very hardy, growing well in full sun and sandy soil.

CARAGANA arborescens Late Spring caragana03 Siberian Pea Tree 6m  Zone: 2 Native to Siberia and Manchuria. Erect shrub or shrubby tree. Delicate foliage and clusters of yellow pea-flowers. Of great value in the far North for cold climate hedges in poor dry soil, or used as a windbreak. Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed recommended. 15 seeds  $3.25

CARAGANA aurantiaca New Spring to Summer caragana06 Pygmy Pea Shrub 60-100cm  Zone: 3 Native to central Asia, a very hardy, finely-branched shrub with narrow, light-greenish-grey, distinctly-veined foliage. Orange-yellow flowers in late spring to early summer. 15 seeds  $4.25

CARAGANA pygmaea New Spring to Summer caragana01 60-90cm  Zone: 3 Native to NW China into Siberia, this is a small, thorny shrub with fine grey-green foliage. Yellow flowers. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 15 seeds  $3.75

CARPINUS	(HORNBEAM)	Family: BETULACEAE
35 deciduous trees or shrubs with smooth grey-brown bark with flowers in catkins. The Hornbeams are picturesque and easily grown trees, suitable for all soils and very attractive when laden with their hop-like fruit clusters.

CARPINUS caroliniana Spring carpinus01 9m  Zone: 4 A beautiful, small, slow-growing tree in the Birch family. It is shade tolerant, with good horizontal branching. Numerous, faintly zig-zag twigs give it a delicate aspect. Its smooth gray bark becomes "muscled" with age and its foliage, a polished apple-green, has exceptional fall colour; usually in the brilliant orange to red range. Open grown specimens can rival the vivid coloration of the Amur Maple. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.25

CATALPA	(CATALPA)	Family: LEGUMINOSAE
11 species of flowering, deciduous trees of North America and Asia with large, opposite leaves and showy clusters of flowers in early summer, when few other trees are blooming. Long, slender pods follow. Grow well in extreme conditions from deep, moist, fertile soil to wet, dry and alkaline conditions in sun or part shade.

CATALPA speciosa Summer catalpa03 Northern Catalpa 30m  Zone: 4 This native has heart-shaped leaves and trumpet-shaped white flowers striped inside with yellow and purple, resembling orchids. In the fall, the brown seed pods hang on the branches like icicles. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 15 seeds  $4.00    Sorry...Sold Out

CEANOTHUS	(WILD LILAC)	Family: RHAMNACEAE
A genus of 50 deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees, native to North America.

CEANOTHUS americanus Late Spring ceanothus02 New Jersey Tea 60-90cm  Zone: 4 Native to southern Canada and southeastern USA, growing in prairies, glades, open woods and thickets. A compact, dense, rounded shrub with toothed, medium-green foliage. Billows of clawed creamy-white to pink flowers in late spring. Young twigs are noticeably yellow and stand out in winter. Roots fix nitrogen. Dried leaves were used as a tea substitute in American Revolutionary War times, hence the common name. This is an excellent shrub for hot, dry sites. Also effective as a shrubby ground cover for hard-to-grow areas such as dry rocky slopes and banks. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

CEANOTHUS ovatus Early Summer ceanothus01 New Jersey Tea 30-90cm  Zone: 3 Native to eastern and central Canada and the USA, this is a wonderful, small, nitrogen-fixing and butterfly-attracting shrub growing on rocky or sandy prairies, hills, glades and rocky woods. A compact and erect habit with glossy foliage. Globose clusters of white flowers flowering on current year's shoots followed by dark purple fruits. Leaves are brewed for tea (tasting similar to Chinese green tea). A great xeric plant for sandy, gravelly soil in full sun; Very attractive to butterflies. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 50 seeds  $4.25

CELTIS	(HACKBERRY)	Family: ULMACEAE
A genus of 70 mostly deciduous trees or shrubs, with inconspicuous flowers and round fruits in the fall.

CELTIS australis New Spring celtis09 European Hackberry 20m  Zone: (6) 7 Native to soutern Europe, this is believed to be the tree that the "Lotus-eaters" ate from as referenced by Homer. It has smooth, light grey, somewhat warty bark and a wide, broad, rounded canopy, making it a good shade tree. The large, sharply-toothed leaves are dark grey/green throughout the year fading to a pale yellow before falling in autumn. Small round fuits turn from green to dark purple and are extremely popular with birds and other wildlife. Long lived and pollution resistant. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.00

CELTIS occidentalis Spring Celtis01 Hackberry 25m  Zone: 2 A medium to fast growing tree with attractive grey, rough to warty bark. Leaves are simple, light to medium green, colouring yellow in autumn. Fruit is fleshy and orange-purple-red, tasting like dates and eaten by over 25 species of birds. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.00

CELTIS tenuifolia Spring celtis06 Dwarf Hackberry 1-4m  Zone: 5 Dwarf Hackberry is native to eastern North America, ranging into southern Ontario (considered threatened) growing as a many-branched shrub or small tree usually in the understory of hardwood forests or in rocky uplands. Bark is grey and smooth, with corky ridges. The leaves are entirely to slightly toothed. The fruit is small and globular; turning orange-brown in the fall and can remain attached to the tree until early spring. Quantities are very limited. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.25

CEPHALOTAXUS

CEPHALOTAXUS harringtonia Spring cephalotaxus01 Japanese Plum Yew 10m  Zone: 5/6 Native to Japan, Korea and eastern China, where it grows on seaside cliffs and in mountainous areas, typically in partial shade on deep, rich soils in the forest understory. These little known plants, related to yews, are evergreen, coniferous shrubs or small trees with flat, needlelike leaves arranged in two ranks on the green twigs. The fleshy, plumlike fruits (borne only on female plants) are a popular food in Japan, where plum yews are cultivated for that purpose. They grow best in sandy, slightly acidic soils and should be sheltered from strong winds. More tolerant of heat than the true yews (Taxus), more interesting than most of the junipers, and more tolerant of shade than almost any needle evergreen. And deer don't eat it! Seed comes from a Zone 6 garden, and we do not have further information about hardiness. However, it appears to be growing at the Mustila Arboretum in Finland. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 6 Huge seeds  $5.00

CERCIDIPHYLLUM

CERCIDIPHYLLUM japonicum New Spring cercidiphyllum01 Katsura Tree 15m  Zone: 4 A graceful, single or multi-trunked understory tree native to Japan with a dense, rounded habit. Bark is brown; shaggy and peeling on old trunks. Flowers in spring are insignificant. It is primarily grown for its beautiful shape and attractive foliage. Round-oval leaves resemble those of a redbud (Cercis = redbud genus and phyllon= Greek for leaf). Leaves emerge reddish-purple in spring, mature to medium-green with a slight bluish tinge in summer and turn striking shades of gold, orange and red in fall. Although not aromatic, the fallen autumn leaves have been varyingly described as smelling of cinnamon, burnt sugar or ripe apples. The specimen in our garden has endured a few winters to -40C entirely unscathed. One of my personal favorite woody species. 30 seeds  $4.25

CHAENOMELES	(FLOWERING QUINCE)	Family: ROSACEAE
A small genus of 3 deciduous shrubs or small trees native to eastern Asia, sometimes spiny. These ornamental quinces are easily cultivated, beautiful early spring flowering shrubs. The saucer-shaped flowers vary in shades of red, orange and white and are followed by large, yellow quinces. Will thrive in the open border or trained against a wall.

CHAENOMELES cathayensis Early Summer chaenomeles03 Chinese Quince 6m  Zone: 6 This rarely available Chinese species grows on hillsides, in open thickets, on rocky slopes, ravines and forests. It grows taller than the other species and tends to be more tree form, with an open habit. Leaves are narrow, serrated and shiny. The delicate apple-blossom-like flowers are white, flushed with pink. This species, while not as hardy as C. japonica or speciosa, bears the largest fruit of the Chaenomeles genus, at between 10 and 15cm, with mature fruit weighing near 900 grams. This makes lovely jelly. Also a wonderful bonsai subject. For a sunny site with well-drained moderately fertile soil for best results. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.25

CHAENOMELES japonica Spring chaenomeles01 Japanese Flowering Quince 100cm  Zone: 3 The Japanese quince is invaluable for early spring colour when its fragrant, bright orange-flame flowers stud the bare thorny stems for weeks. These flowers mature into rounded green or yellow quinces which make delicious jelly. One of the easiest of all shrubs to grow in virtually any soil(including heavy clay) and can also be trained on to a shady wall. Also a wonderful bonsai subject. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

CHAENOMELES speciosa New Early Spring chaenomeles02 Sweet Flowering Quince 2.4m  Zone: 4 In early spring Sweet Flowering Quince transforms itself into a ravishing beauty by adorning its bare thorny branches with brilliant 2" reddish-pink blossoms and perfuming itself with a delightful fragrance. The shrub produces a hard greenish-yellow round fruit, which makes wonderful marmalade. Easy to grow in any soil although slightly heavy soils are preferred. Branches cut in the winter can be forced into bloom indoors. Wonderful for bonsai. Limited quantity this season. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.25

CHAMAEDAPHNE	(LEATHERLEAF, CASSANDRA)	Family: ERICACEAE
A one species genus native to north temperate regions growing in bogs, tundra and damp forests.

CHAMAEDAPHNE calyculata Late Spring chamaedaphne01 Leatherleaf 30-120cm  Zone: 1 Thoreau: "I derive more of my subsistence from the swamps which surround my native town than from the cultivated gardens in the village. There are no richer parterres to my eyes than the dense beds of dwarf andromeda (Chaemaedaphne calyculata) which cover these tender places on the earth's surface. Botany cannot go farther than tell me the names of the shrubs which grow there--the high blueberry, panicled andromeda, lambkill, azalea, and rhodora--all standing in the quaking sphagnum." A branching, evergreen shrub with simple, alternate, evergreen, leathery leaves, distinctly pointing upwards. Racemes of white, nodding urn-shaped flowers hang from the leaf axils. In the wild grows in bogs, wet forests and ditches, often forming thickets. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100 seeds  $4.25

CHIONANTHUS	(FRINGE TREE)	Family: OLEACEAE
A genus of 100 deciduous trees and shrubs native to eastern Asia, Korea, Japan and the USA with white flowers in terminal panicles.

CHIONANTHUS retusus Spring CHIONANTHUS01 Chinese Fringe Tree 8m  Zone: 5 Native to China, Korea and Japan, this is usually a large multi-stemmed shrub in cultivation, but can be grown as a small tree. Spreading and rounded in outline with gray bark that may be peeling or tightly ridged and furrowed. Beautiful leathery and lustrous leaves. Snow white flowers are produced in spring in erect panicles. Fruit is a dark blue berry ripening in the fall. In flower it has been compared to a dome of soft, fleecy snow. This species blooms slightly later in spring than C. virginicus; has smaller blossoms of a purer white, and its leaves are shinier and more leathery. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.50

CHIONANTHUS virginicus Spring chionanthus02 Fringe Tree, Old Man's Beard 4 to 6m  Zone: 3 Native to moist, rich woodlands from Pennsylvania to Florida, and west to Arkansas and Texas. A beautiful shrub or small tree with a rounded crown. Showy, fringed, fragrant creamy white blooms appear with the foliage in the spring. Dark blue fruits in the fall. Flowers at an early age. Michael Dirr says he would "like to make a case for this as the national shrub of the USA because it carries itself with such refinement, dignity and class when in flower." Germination Instructions: Seed germinates in a pattern of warm-cold-warm. 12 seeds  $4.50

CLADRASTIS		Family: LEGUMINOSAE
A genus of 5 deciduous trees native to eastern Asia and North America with pea-like flowers in panicles or racemes.

CLADRASTIS lutea (kentukea) Late Spring cladrastis01 Kentucky Yellow-Wood 9m  Zone: 4 This is a tree of unsurpassed beauty, native to the eastern USA. It is a medium-growing, deciduous member of the legume family with an upright, graceful spreading crown and low branches. Bark is smooth and light gray. The pinnately compound leaves open as yellowish-green, turning green in summer, and then bright-yellow in fall. Spectacular in bloom. The intensely fragrant, wisteria-like white flowers in large, drooping, terminal panicles (to 40cm long) will virtually cover a mature tree in late spring (blooming profusely in alternate years). Wood contains a yellow dye which distinctively colors the heartwood and gives rise to the common name. Roots go deep, so other plants may be grown underneath. Easily grown in average, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Cannot be recommended too highly! Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed recommended. 15 seeds  $4.25

CLETHRA	(SUMMERSWEET)	Family: CLETHRACEAE
About 30 species of mainly deciduous small trees and shrubs with white, often wonderfully fragrant flowers in summer to autumn.

CLETHRA acuminata Early Summer clethra03 Cinnamon Bark Clethra 6m  Zone: 3 A small tree or large shrub native to the southern Appalachian region. Its common name comes from the beautiful cinnamon color of the inner bark, which is naturally revealed as the outer layers peel away. The color varies from pinkish-gold to ochre-red, and variations on the same plant can create a mottled pattern. The effect is especially apparent in winter. Another common name, Mountain Pepperbush, comes from its spicy-tasting seeds, which early settlers used as a substitute for black pepper. The flowers, long spires of small white bells, appear in early summer when few other plants are in bloom. The oval-shaped, rich-green leaves turn gold or yellow before dropping in autumn. Sometimes wants to grow as a shrub, but can usually be pruned to a tree form, which is preferred, since it accentuates the effect of the beautiful bark. Even in tree form the plant seldom grows more than 20 feet tall, and is therefore an excellent choice for small properties. Because it is an understory species, it can survive in fairly heavy shade, but it will bloom much better if it receives at least a few hours of direct sunlight. Seed comes from a Zone 3 garden. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25    Sorry...Sold Out

COLUTEA		Family: LEGUMINOSAE
26 deciduous unarmed or spiny shrubs to small trees native to Europe, Asia and Africa with exfoliating bark and pinnate leaves. Flowers in pea-like racemes. Interesting grossly inflated and translucent seed pods in early fall.

COLUTEA x media Summer colutea02 1.5m  Zone: 4 This is a cross of garden origin between C. arborescens and C. orientalis, coming true from seed. A strong-growing, medium-sized shrub with greyish, pinnate leaves and rich bronzey-orange pea-like flowers. These are followed by interesting, large puffy seed pods. Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed recommended. 25 seeds  $4.25

COMPTONIA	(SWEET FERN)	Family: MYRICACEAE
A one-species genus native to eastern North America.

COMPTONIA peregrina Spring comptonia01 Sweet Fern 60-90cm  Zone: 3 Native to northeastern North America growing in openings in coniferous forest in well-drained, dry, acid, sandy or gravelly soils. The thin, narrow dark-green leaves are deeply divided into many lobes, resembling a fern. The whole plant has a beautifully spicy, aromatic odor, which is more pronounced when the leaves are bruised. It is densely branched, and rhizomatous in habit. Bark is smooth, shiny reddish-brown and heavily lenticeled. Both male and female flowers are produced. The former are borne in large cylindrical catkins in clusters at the ends of the branches and the latter in small egg-shaped catkins. Because it fixes nitrogen, does well on disturbed sites or sites with sterile soil. Drought and salt tolerant. An intriguing plant that performs wonderfully on poor, dry, sandy, acid soils. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Seed requires cold treatment. Outdoors over winter recommended, as oscillating temperatures stimulate germination. 12 seeds  $4.50

CORNUS	(DOGWOOD)	Family: CORNACEAE
About 45 species of mostly deciduous shrubs or small trees, native to North America, Europe, Asia and Africa.

CORNUS alternifolia (Moist Packed) Early Summer cornus03 Pagoda Dogwood 5-8m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America. The distinctive, tiered branching habit of Cornus alternifolia will add a touch of elegance to your garden. Pagoda dogwood is a suitable tree for small- to medium-sized gardens and is more disease resistant than many other dogwoods. It has lacy white flowers, reminiscent of the blooms of Queen Anne’s lace. In mid-summer, bluish-black berries decorate the tree until the birds find them! Vibrant fall color begins with burgundy hues that turn bright red with yellow toward the interior of the tree. Pagoda dogwood is attractive in woodland gardens; its low, wide form makes it ideal for screening as well. The winter garden reveals its attractive branching pattern. Seed wild collected in Nova Scotia. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.50

CORNUS amomum Late Spring cornus11 Silky Dogwood 3-4m  Zone: 4 Native to eastern North America growing in wet woods, thickets and streamside. A twiggy, many-stemmed shrub with older stems arching outwards. Creamy white blooms in spring. The showy fruits mature cobalt blue, then turn dark blue, quickly eaten by birds. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

CORNUS florida Spring cornus17 5-8m  Zone: 5 Native to eastern North America; in Ontario confined to the most southern end of the province. A beautiful small tree with a rounded to flat-topped shape and almost horizontal branching. The dark-grey, brown or black bark is very attractive; developing small rectangular blocks and resembling alligator skin. Leaves are green, quite showy in autumn, with reddish-maroons colouring early and holding for an extended period. Yellowish-green flowers are surrounded by four white bracts to 10cm across. Bloom occurs before the leaves emerge, adding to its effectiveness. Bright, shiny, elongated red fruits are held in tight clusters. Wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.50

CORNUS kousa Early Summer cornus15 Kousa Dogwood 4-5m  Zone: 5 An exceptionally beautiful, small tree native to Japan, Korea and China. It has an upright, horizontally-spreading habit, becoming tiered with age. Older bark develops a mottled, exfoliating character, revealing a mix of gray-tan and mahogany brown. The opposite, simple leaves are dark green, turning reddish-purple in autumn. The greenish-yellow flowers are surrounded by four, large, showy, pointed bracts which gradually change color from white to pink. A mature specimen in flower is a glorious sight. These are followed by very ornamental red fruits which look like long-stemmed, large raspberries. A tree laden with ripe fruit is so attractive that it is difficult at times to decide whether the tree is more ornamental when in flower or in fruit. This is an outstanding woody plant for those able to overwinter it. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.25

CORNUS kousa (Pink) New cornus21 This is seed of a very good pink-flowered clone of this beautiful species. We are not sure if pink progeny will result; but the white species colour is wonderful as well. 20 seeds  $4.25

CORNUS kousa var. chinensis ex Milky Way cornus16 Zone: 4/5 There is no horticultural agreement on whether this variety differs enough from the species to warrant botanical standing. Proponents deem that forms from China and Korea are more ornamental than their Japanese counterparts, but the differences (more vigorous, freer-flowering, with broader leaves and slightly larger bracts)are often thought too slight to make a significant difference. The difference for the northern gardener is that some authorities believe that this variety is slightly hardier than the species. Not to confuse matters even further, but seed this year comes from the variety "Milky Way" which some authorities promote as "one of the heaviest-flowering Chinese Dogwoods in the world." The specimen was certainly heavily weighed down by an abundance of beautiful berries. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.50

CORNUS mas (Moist Packed) Early Spring cornus08 Cornelian Cherry 6m  Zone: 4 A beautiful and showy large shrub or small, densely branched tree native to Europe producing an abundance of yellow flowers on bare twigs in early spring. These are followed by large, bright red, cherry-like oblong edible fruits, making wonderful jam or preserves. Leaves turn reddish purple in fall. Germination Instructions: Germinates in a warm-cold-warm cycle. Is being kept at the first moist/warm cycle by being moist packed. 12 seeds  $4.25

CORNUS officinalis Spring cornus02 Japanese Cornel Dogwood 6m  Zone: 4 Native to Japan and Korea and closely related to Cornus mas but flowers earlier, has longer pedicels, ripens it's fruit later, and its exfoliating bark may be more colorful. A beautiful small tree or large shrub with attractive peeling bark and clusters of yellow flowers on naked branches in spring. Large red fruits, resembling elongated cherries in autumn and rich fall colouring. The exquisite gray, orange and brown bark exfoliates in scales. A plant of great beauty. Used for bonsai. Best for light shade. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 8 seeds  $4.50

CORNUS racemosa Spring cornus04 Gray Dogwood 3-4m  Zone: 3 Native from eastern Canada to Minnesota with dark, almost grey-green narrow leaves. Strongly multi-stemmed and erect, with a suckering habit and therefore forming a colony. Older wood takes on a distinctive gray color which is extremely attractive and accounts for its common name. White flowers in panicles, lasting for about 10 days and turning into a white-berried drupe. The fruit is eaten by over 100 birds. Adaptable for wet or dry soils, full shade to sun. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

CORNUS rugosa Early Summer cornus13 Round -Leaved Dogwood 3m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America growing on sandy, gravelly, or rocky slopes. In northern Ontario it occurs farther north than the Alternate-Leaf dogwood. An upright shrub with warty branches. Stems are first green, then turn purple. Broadly ovate, pointed leaves. Flat-topped clusters of creamy-white flowers bloom in early summer followed by pea-sized, light blue fruit maturing in late summer, which are usually quickly eaten by birds. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 30 seeds  $4.25

CORNUS stolonifera Spring cornus14 Red Osier Dogwood 1-3m  Zone: 3 For winter interest, this is surely our best native Cornus, displaying striking crimson twigs that color the landscape even in the bleakest winter. Understandably, it is the parent of a slew of hybrids. Found in moist areas, with a native range extending over much of North America. It is a spreading, many branched shrub, covered in spring by large clusters of creamy-white flowers, which attract butterflies. These produce whitish berries, with a blue tinge in mid to late summer. Many birds are attracted to this species as the berries provide food and the dense, twiggy nature of the plant is perfect for nesting and hiding. The leaves turn from reds to purples in the fall and the shiny, smooth red twigs, which give the plant its name, turn brilliant in cold weather and look striking against a snowy winter background. The young branches, (osiers) of this shrub have been used by Native American Indians in making baskets and the bark of the stems has been traditionally collected to make a red dye. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.00

CRATAEGUS	(HAWTHORN)	Family: ROSACEAE
A huge genus of usually thorny, deciduous trees or shrubs. 25 species are native to Canada with several hundred more found in the United States. White flowers, often aging to pink in early summer and prominent "apples" in the autumn. Native throughout the northern Hemisphere. All Hawthorn fruits are edible, making good jam and jelly.

CRATAEGUS calpodendron June crataegus04 Sugar or Pear Hawthorn 3-4m  Zone: 3 Native to Ontario and into the central USA. A small tree with a graceful outline and few to no thorns. The white flowers and lusterous green leaves appear later than most Hawthorns. One of the most ornamental species in fruit; each fruit cluster holds from 10-15 small, bright-red pommes on long pedicels. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.25

CRATAEGUS maximowiczii Spring crataegus09 3-7m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern Asia (Siberia to northern Japan) growing in meadows, forest edges and on mountain slopes. A very hardy small species, forming a compact cone with shallowly lobed leaves. Clusters of white flowers in spring, followed by pubescent purplish to red pommes, turning glaucous when ripe. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

CRATAEGUS pedicellata Spring crataegus03 Scarlet or Ontario Hawthorn 4.5m  Zone: 2/3 Native to northeastern North America and naturalized in Europe. A very hardy thorny Hawthorn ranging into northern Ontario. Develops into a small tree with a symmetrical, round head. Dense corymbs of white to pink flowers in spring followed by large bunches of bright-scarlet, lustrous fruit. Rich autumn colour and useful for hedges. Fruits are very tasty. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

CRATAEGUS pinnatifida Late Spring crataegus08 Chinese Hawthorn 6m  Zone: 3 A small tree native to northeastern China, Korea and Mongolia growing on slopes, among shrubs. This dense, round-headed hawthorn has lobed leaves, often nearly to the midrib. White flowers are borne in clusters in spring, followed by crimson fruit. The fruit is used in the treatment of skin cancer. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.25

DECAISNEA		Family: LARDIZABALACEAE
A genus of two shrubs native to eastern Asia with pinnate foliage and fascinating large fruits.

DECAISNEA fargesii Summer decaisnea01 Blue Bean or Dead Man's Fingers 3-5m  Zone: 5/6 Native to western China, this is a small multi-trunked tree that comes from a family of plants known largely for its vines, including Akebia and Holboellia. It's habit is informal and arching. It sports green pinnate leaves (which can be as long as 90cm). Foot-long drooping panicles carry greenish-yellow flowers followed in autumn by decorative fruits resembling fat bean-pods of a fierce metallic blue colour. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.50

DIERVILLA	(BUSH HONEYSUCKLE)	Family: CAPRIFOLIACEAE
A genus of 3 deciduous shrubs native to North America with flowers clustered in terminal cycmes.

DIERVILLA sessilifolia Summer to Fall diervilla02 Southern Bush Honeysuckle 1m  Zone: 4 Native to southeastern USA, growing in woods in the mountains. Deciduous suckering shrub with arching branches. Leaves emerge bronze-purple in spring, changing to lustrous dark green and red-purple in autumn. Resembles D. rivularis. Flowers are sulphur yellow, paired in short terminal clusters flowering almost the entire season. Extremely adaptable and because it forms a low-growing wide-spreading flat-topped shrub can be used as a large scale cover on banks in sun or shade in inhospitable soils. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.00

DIERVILLA splendens Summer diervilla03 1m  Zone: 3 This hybrid of garden origin between D. sessilifolia and D. lonicera resembles sessilifolia, but with leaves whose veins are green. It has an extremely long bloom period from summer to autumn and develops a striking purple-red autumn color. Germination Instructions: Warm, easy germinator. 30 seeds  $4.00

DIOSPYROS		Family: EBENACEAE
A large genus of trees and shrubs native to the Americas, Europe Africa and Asia with extremely hard wood, usually black.

DIOSPYROS virginiana Early Summer diospyros01 Eastern Persimmon, American Ebony 12-18m  Zone: 4/5 A member of the Ebony family, this deciduous tree is native to eastern North America and one of the most widely-adapted of trees, growing naturally in bottomland swamps, along stream banks, in upland forests, in fields, pine woods, and even dry scrub land. Dark green, glossy, leathery, elliptic foliage colors yellow to reddish-purple in fall. The extremely ornamental and hard bark turns black on older trunks broken up into distinctive, regular square blocks, resembling alligator skin. Flowers are fragrant, small creamy-yellow bells with recurved petals hanging from the twigs. After the foliage drops in fall, the plum-sized, edible burnt-orange fruits dangle from the branches like Christmas balls. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 7 seeds  $4.25    Sorry...Sold Out

ELEAGNUS

ELEAGNUS multiflora New Mid Spring eleagnus01 Gumi, Cherry Silverberry 2-8m  Zone: 4 Native to China, Korea and Japan. A deciduous shrub or small tree with a vase-like shape becoming smothered with small, fragrant yellowish-white flowers in spring. These turn into edible, extremely showy red berries with silver flecks. Largely unknown in North America in the edible landscape; this fast-growing species can be pruned to form a dense hedge and could be cultivated on a commercial scale. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.25    Sorry...Sold Out

ELEUTHEROCOCCUS		Family: ARALIACEAE
About 30 deciduous, often bristly or prickly shrubs or trees native to Asia with flowers in umbels and black fruits in drupes. Formerly Acanthopanax.

ELEUTHEROCOCCUS sessiliflorus New Early Summer eleutherococcus02 Amur 2m or taller  Zone: 4 Native to northeast Asia, an arching shrub with corky stems. Elegant three or five-foliate leaves, doubly serrate and sparsely hairy below. The inflorescences are rounded crowded umbels of dark purple flowers, followed by an abundance of inky-black globose fruit. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.25

ELSHOLTZIA		Family: LABIATAE
A genus of 38 shrubs, annuals and perennials native to Asia and Africa with flowers in dense panicles.

ELSHOLTZIA stauntonii Late Fall elsholtzia01 60cm  Zone: 4 Native to China, a little-known semi-woody and branched subshrub flowering reliably late in the season (September-October) carrying panicles of pink flowers at the end of the stems. Blooms on new wood, so can be cut down entirely each spring and will reach flowering size that same season, not unlike Buddleja. Foliage is wonderfully fragrant. May flower first season. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.25

EMPETRUM	(CROWBERRY)	Family: EMPETRACEAE
Empetrum is from the Greek en petros, or "on rock", the common alpine and rocky slope habitat for the genus. 2 species of low-growing, intricately branched heath-like evergreen shrubs native to North Temperate regions. Leaves are narrow and whorled. Solitary or clustered purple-red flowers and edible, glossy round berries.

EMPETRUM nigrum New Early Spring empetrum01 Black Crowberry 10cm  Zone: 2 The common name is thought to come from the fact that crows feed on the berry. A beautiful low, creeping, matted and freely branching evergreen shrub with linear needle-like hairy leaves in whorls. Purplish-crimson flowers in early spring followed by juicy black berries, containing large white seeds. The berries are a favorite food of bears and were extensively used by native people. Beer and sparkling wine can be made from the juice and it also makes excellent pies and jellies. Seed wild collected in Nova Scotia. Very limited. Germination Instructions: Germination at warm with GA-3. Without GA-3, cold treatment required. 30+ seeds  $4.25

ENKIANTHUS		Family: ERICACEAE
A genus of 10 deciduous or evergreen shrubs native to Japan and the Himalayas with slender, tiered branches carrying drooping terminal umbels of waxy flowers.

ENKIANTHUS campanulatus New Late Spring enkianthus01 Red-Vein Enkianthus 1.8-3m  Zone: 5 Native to Japan. A beautiful, upright, deciduous shrub with a tiered effect and shiny, serrated foliage, turning a vivid yellow, orange or red in the fall. Elegant, drooping, campanulate flowers with pink markings in clusters late spring to summer. Prefers an acid, moist, cool soil in part shade. A perfect companion for Rhododendron. Photograph UBC Botanic Gardens. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.25

EPIGAEA

EPIGAEA repens Early Spring epigaea01 Trailing Arbutus, Mayflower 10cm  Zone: 2 Native throughout eastern North America and the provincial flower of Nova Scotia. This is a beautiful small sub-shrub we have long sought to include in our list. Rare in our (calcareous) area, it prefers acid soil in sandy or rocky woods. Leaves are hairy, leathery and evergreen, with woody, prostrate stems that trail along the ground. Very fragrant white or pink flowers in clusters near blooming after the last snow melt in spring. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30+ seeds  $4.50

ERICA	(Heath)	Family: ERICACEAE
A large genus of low much-branched woody evergreens ranging from prostrate subshrubs to trees native to South Africa, the Mediterranean and northern Europe. They have small, narrow leaves arranged in whorls. Also known as "heaths". We are grateful to Jill Covill of Bunchberry Nursery in Upper Clements, Nova Scotia for allowing us to collect seed from her wonderful collection.

ERICA spiculifolia New Spring erica01 Spike Heath 10-15cm  Zone: 4/5? Formerly Bruckenthalia spiculifolia. Native to the Balkans. A compact evergreen shrub with dark green, needle-like foliage and pink flowers held above the plants in short compact spikes. An early season bloomer sometimes reblooming in fall. Perhaps the hardiest of the heaths. Needs good drainage,sun and acid soil. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50+ seeds  $4.25

ERICA tetralix New Summer to Fall erica02 Cross-Leaved Heath 30cm  Zone: 5? Native to atlantic areas of Europe, from southern Portugal to central Norway, as well as in boggy regions further from the coast in Central Europe. A subshrub with soft, grayish-green foliage in whorls and waxy, pink, bell-shaped, nodding flowers appearing between June and October. For acid, moisture-retentive soil. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100+ seeds  $4.25

EUONYMUS	(SPINDLE TREE)	Family: CELASTRACEAE
A large group of small trees, shrubs and vines, both deciduous and evergreen. Flowers are small and insignificant. Many color beautifully in the fall and have showy berries. A characteristic of the spindle tree berry is that it splits open to reveal brilliantly colored seeds. For full sun or shade.

EUONYMUS fortunei var. radicans New euonymus19 Wintercreeper 60cm  Zone: 5 Native to China, Korea and Japan. An evergreen shrub useful as a groundcover. The leaves are oval, deep green with a finely serrated margin. Small greenish-white flowers are insignificant. These however turn into berries that split in late fall to early winter to display bright orange seed capsules. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.00

EXOCHORDA	(PEARLBUSH)	Family: ROSACEAE
4 deciduous and showy shrubs from China. Very early to leaf out in spring. The expanding flower bud looks like a pearl, therefore the common name. Full sun in ordinary soil. Can stand an amazing level of drought and neglect.

EXOCHORDA macrantha ex 'The Bride' New Spring exochorda01 90-120cm  Zone: 4 A shrub of great beauty producing racemes of flowers from every bud on the previous year's growth. 'The Bride' is a particularly compact and bushy shrub. Even if you end up with a taller plant, you will still have an outstanding addition to the garden. Germination Instructions: Seed germinates at both warm and cold, but rates are improved by cold treatment. 12 seeds  $4.25

FORESTIERA

FORESTIERA neomexicana Spring forestiera01 Desert Olive 4-6m  Zone: 4 Native to south-west North America, a very hardy spiny, branching, deciduous shrub developing great character with age. It can be grown into a dense hedge, a large shrub or pruned to form a twisting, multi-stemmed small tree. The beautiful whitish bark accentuates the bright yellow fall foliage. Yellow-white flowers appear before the leaves in spring, followed by attractive black berries lining the branches into late fall. Very drought tolerant and low maintenance but benefits from additional care. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 15 seeds  $4.25

FRAXINUS	(ASH)	Family: OLEACEAE
A large genus of hardy, fast-growing trees which thrive in almost any soil. Tolerant of wind-swept and coastal localities as well as smoke-polluted areas.

FRAXINUS nigra New Early Summer fraxinus04 Black Ash 18-20m  Zone: 3 A slow-growing, long-lived species with a slender crown native to moist or wet woodlands of north-eastern North America. Its common name is derived from the dark appearance of the leaves relative to other ash species. The grey-brown bark is smooth when young, becoming scaly to corky in old age. Leaves are opposite, pinnately compound and dark green, turning yellow in autumn. Insignificant flowers in early summer are followed by winted samaras, borne in clusters which are an important food to birds and small animals. Black ash has a poor record among northern forest tree species for producing good seed crops -- so we are happy each year it produces enough for us to list. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.00

FRAXINUS pennsylvanica Spring fraxinus02 Green Ash to 18m  Zone: 3 Native from Nova Scotia to Manitoba and the southern USA. This is a fast growing shade-giving tree with downy shoots and large leaves. Transplants readily and grows almost anywhere; hence its tremendous popularity. A very adaptable tree as in its native habitat is is found growing in moist bottom lands or along stream banks. However, once established it tolerates high pH, salt, drought and sterile soils. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

FRAXINUS quadrangulata Spring fraxinus05 Blue Ash 10-20m  Zone: 4 We have worked hard to list seed of this species, which is rare in Ontario, growing in only a few locations in extreme SW Ontario. It is also a species to grow at this time, when the emerald ash borer is destroying the genus at an alarming rate in eastern North America---and there are some indications that Blue Ash may have more resistance to the borer than other species. The name, quadrangulata, means "4-angled" and refers to the 4 corky ridges on the twigs. This characteristic distinguishes blue ash from all other ashes. Another unique feature is the sticky sap from the inner bark, which turns blue when exposed to air, hence the common name. A fast growing shade tree with an upright habit, light gray bark and compound foliage that turns a good yellow in autumn. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.50

FRAXINUS texensis New Spring fraxinus09 Texas or Mountain Ash 10m  Zone: 5 With a very limited distribution in eastern Texas and southcentral Oklahoma, occuring on rocky, limestone soils; this species is closely related to F. americana and sometimes treated as a variety of it. It is smaller and more drought tolerant than F. americana and has pinnately compound foliage with rounded leaflets. The leaves turn a glowing red, gold, orange and purple in fall. Purple flowers are produced in small clusters in early spring, followed by samaras. Much hardier than supposed; considering it's native distribution; it grows in the Zone 5 Ottawa area of Ontario. Photograph: University Of Texas Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

FUCHSIA

FUCHSIA decidua New Winter to Spring Fuchsia01 Native to Mexico, growing among rocks or epiphytically high in trees, on the trunks of oaks in moist forest areas. This is a very rare species with dense racemes of dark pink long tubes and short sepals; the petals short and red. Bloom occurs in the wild during the dry season (December through May) on leaf-less plants. Its tuberous roots help it cope with seasonably variable moisture levels. This is a pot plant for the greenhouse, but can be easily cultivated outdoors during summer and keep nearly dormant in winter when it will loose it's foliage and flowers will appear on naked trunks. One of the most fascinating Fuchsias and almost non-existant in cultivation. Very limited. Order early. Photograph: The German Fuchsia Society. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $7.00    Sorry...Sold Out

GAULTHERIA		Family: ERICACEAE
A genus of 170 evergreen shrubs, varying from tall bushes to ground-hugging shrublets. Most are early summer flowering with elegant hanging waxy bell flowers followed by showy bright berrylike fruits. Prefer rather moist, acid soil in shade. Named for Jean Francois Gaultier (1708- 1756), a Quebec physician and botanist.

GAULTHERIA hispidula Late Spring gaultheria03 Moxie Plum, Creeping Snowberry Prostrate  Zone: 3 Native throughout most of Canada southward to the northern United States growing in cool, moist woods and bogs. A beautiful, delicate, creeping, evergreen shrub, usually forming mats. Leaves are oval; tiny and leathery, with the edges rolled under. White to pink drooping, bell-shaped flowers in spring followed by small, mealy white berries with a mild wintergreen flavour and smell. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 50 seeds  $4.25

GAULTHERIA mucronata Late Spring to Early Summer gaultheria0501 Prickly Heath 1.5m  Zone: 6? (Pernettya mucronata) This member of the Ericaceae is one of the hardiest of South American shrubs and considered the showiest of all dwarf evergreens in fruit. Forms dense thickets of wiry stems carrying myriads of small, white, heath-like flowers followed by dense clusters of long-persistent, marble-like berries, ranging from pure white to mulberry-purple. For sun to part shade in a loamy, acidic soil. Photograph: UBC Botanic Garden Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.50

GAULTHERIA procumbens Spring gaultheria01 Wintergreen, Tea Berry 10cm  Zone: 2 A small evergreen shrublet with thick, toothed, glossy foliage with a circumboreal distribution. Normally grows in open shade in dry or moist sites in acid soil. Elegant white, bell-like flowers, in umbels. Fruit is a round berry, red at maturity. A tea is made of the leaves and the plant is the source of "wintergreen oil" which was used as a flavoring in candies, chewing gum, and some medicine. The berries are edible and have a strong wintergreen taste. They can be cooked into pies or eaten raw. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100 seeds  $4.25

GAULTHERIA shallon New Late Spring gaultheria02 Salal 1m  Zone: 5 Native of western North America and wild collected in Oregon. Leathery, shiny, dark green foliage. Urn-shaped pink to white flowers followed by purple to black berries, often used in jellies. Common in a variety of habitats, from bogs to dry woods and well-drained mountain slopes. In the garden, it will do it's most beautiful best in moisture-retentive soil in shade. Seed wild collected in BC. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

GAYLUSSACIA		Family: ERICACEAE
A agenus of 40 deciduous or evergreen shrubs native to the Americas with berry-like fruits.

GAYLUSSACIA baccata Early Summer gaylussacia01 Black Huckleberry 30-90cm  Zone: 3 Native to eastern and central North America found in dry, upland woods in acid soil. A long-lived, low-maintenance and shade-tolerant deciduous shrub spreading slowly to form a solid ground cover. The thin, pale-green, oblong leaves have yellow glandular spots on their lower surface. Urn-shaped pinkish-red frowers in drooping racemes in early summer followed by sweet, flavorful berries that are often gathered along with wild blueberries, as they ripen at the same time. Requires a somewhat acidic soil (like blueberries) and prefers sandy conditions. For fruit production, plant two or more. And if you don't know the Huckleberry, the fruits are black, approximately the size of a large blueberry and very good tasting! Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 50 seeds  $4.25

GAYLUSSACIA dumosa New Late Spring-Early Summer gaylussacia02 Dwarf Huckleberry 25-40cm  Zone: 4 Native to eastern North America, growing in open moist, sandy places, frequently on coastal plains. This is a small and attractive rhizomateous plant often forming large colonies in the wild. The white to pink, bell-shaped flowers appear in early summer, followed by edible bluish-black berries. Seed wild collected in Nova Scotia. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

GLEDITSIA	(HONEY LOCUST)	Family: LEGUMINOSAE
14 species of deciduous trees, usually with thorny trunks and branches. Pinnate leaves and greenish-white flowers in racemes.

GLEDITSIA triacanthos Late Spring gleditsia01 Common Honeylocust 9-24m  Zone: 3 Native to North America, a tree with shiny, smooth reddish stems, often mottled or streaked. The trunk is usually short with a rather open spreading crown, providing light shade. Fast growing when young, 60cm or more per year. Leaves are bright green in summer, yellow in fall. Large, twisted seed pods. For sun or light shade. Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed recommended. 8 seeds  $3.50

HALESIA	(SILVERBELL TREE)	Family: STYRACACEAE
Attractive deciduous small trees native to North America with alternate, toothed leaves. Hanging clusters of delicate, pendulous flowers in spring. Best in deep, slightly acidic soil.

HALESIA tetraptera (carolina) Late Spring halesia01 Carolina Silverbell 9-12m  Zone: 4 A wonderful North American native, growing as an understory tree on wooded slopes and along streambanks from West Virginia and south. Low-branched, with a broad, rounded crown. Bark is ridged and furrowed, gray to brown or black. Flowers are white, sometimes pale pink and bell shaped, flowering on year-old wood in pendulous clusters. They appear in early spring, before or with the leaves. Prefers an acid soil and would be the perfect tree to underplant with Rhododendrons. Very limited. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 7 seeds  $4.25

HAMAMELIS	(WITCHHAZEL)	Family: HAMAMELIDACEAE
5 deciduous shrubs or small trees native to North America, Asia and Europe with fragrant, spider-like yellow or reddish flowers appearing on normally leafless branches. Foliage is similar to Hazel and often gives attractive autumn colour.

HAMAMELIS virginiana Late Fall hamamelis01 Witch Hazel 4-6m  Zone: 4 The hardiest of the witch hazels. A native spreading shrub or small tree growing in dry, well-drained situations in open woods, or on slopes. The fragrant flowers open in the autumn about the time the leaves are falling. Narrow, pale yellow ribbon-like petals are crumpled and twisted so that the flowers appear ragged. Seed of current year's flowering does not mature until the following fall and is ejected (literally shot out) from the seed capsule. Wild collected in Nova Scotia. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

HIBISCUS

HIBISCUS syriacus mix New Late Summer to Fall hibiscus05 Rose Of Sharon 3m  Zone: 5 An upright shrub with a pyramidal crown. The large, showy flowers are produced late in the season when few other shrubs are in bloom, greatly extending the season. We've managed to collect seed from a number of colour forms, which should produce some fine plants. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 15 seeds  $3.75

HIPPOPHAE	(SEA BUCKTHORN)	Family: ELEAGNACEAE
A small genus of 3 deciduous, thorny trees or shrubs from Asia with linear, gray foliage and fruits in the fall.

HIPPOPHAE rhamnoides Spring hippophae01 Sea Buckthorn 2-5m  Zone: 2-3 Introduced from Eurasia, a very hardy, suckering shrub with lance-shaped, grey-green foliage above, silvery-white underneath. The branches are grey and spiny. Small, yellowish flowers in spring, before the leaves, followed by fleshy, orange berries. Both male and female shrubs are required for fruit production. A tough plant suited for a wide range of soils, doing well on poor, nitrogen-deficient sandy soils and slopes. Sea buckthron is a significant source of vitamin C, carotene and B vitamins. An oil extracted from the berries is used to treat digestive disturbances. The fruit ripens at the end of August and is commonly used to make juices and jellies. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.25

HYPERICUM	(ST. JOHNSWORT)	Family: HYPERICACEAE
300 species of perennials and shrubs mostly from the temperate and subtropical zone of the northern hemisphere with yellow flowers over a long period. Genus boasts a sizeable number of garden-worthy species; most of the easiest culture; growing in sun or shade in any soil and of all habits (erect, shrubby, prostrate). Easy to germinate and will flower the entire summer. One wonders, as did Foster, "not so much that there are so many but that they have not dominated the world?"

HYPERICUM androsaemum ex 'Albury Purple' New Summer to Fall hypericum07 60cm  Zone: 5 A small delicate shrub, native to Europe, north Africa, western Asia and the Caucasus, growing in hedges on damp woods. Flowering is over a very long period from summer into fall. Yellow flowers with conspicuous stamens are followed by red berries, turning black when ripe. This form, coming true from seed, has dark plum-purplish green leaves which emit a resinous scent when bruised. Light shade is best for flowering. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.00

HYPERICUM kalmianum Summer hypericum04 Kalm's St. Johnswort 90cm  Zone: 3 Native from western Ontario and Quebec south to New York and along the shores of the Great Lakes growing in rocky, sandy soil. A small, dense, little shrub with stout, erect stems forming a perfect mound. This is a handsome, hardy plant, with small, bluish-green summer foliage. The bright yellow flowers are a beautiful sight over a long 6-week flowering period from July to August and the chocolate-brown seed heads add winter interest. Holds up well in sun, heat, and drought and tolerates heavy soils. This species is found in fairly restricted sites along the Ottawa River in our area and we are pleased to finally be able to offer wild-collected seed of this outstanding and showy species. Germination Instructions: GA-3 required for germination. 30 seeds  $4.25

HYPERICUM olympicum uniflora (polyphyllum) Summer hypericum05 15-20cm  Zone: 4 A small, upright branching species which roots at the base, forming a mat in time. Small, glossy green foliage and yellow flowers totally obscuring the foliage in summer. For the rock garden or as an edging in the border. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.00

HYPERICUM prolificum Early to Mid Summer hypericum09 Shrubby St. John's Wort 30-150cm  Zone: 3 A compact, deciduous shrub with an erect habit, native to central and eastern North America, blooming on new growth. The foliage is dark green and lance-shaped and the bark of older stems exfoliates to reveal attractive, pale orange inner bark. Bright yellow flowers appear in clusters and have prominent yellow stamens, so bushy to the point of partially obscuring the petals (hence the species name of prolificum). Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30+ seeds  $4.00

ILEX	(HOLLY)	Family: AQUIFOLIACEAE
Native to temperate and tropical regions of North and South America and Asia. Genus ranges from small shrubs to large trees. Grown for their foliage and showy fruits. Most have beautiful glossy green and alternate leaves sporting sharp spines. For sun or shade.

ILEX serrata New Spring ilex04 Finetooth or Japanese Winterberry 1.2m  Zone: 5 This is the Asian counterpart of our native Ilex verticillata, a deciduous shrubby holly grown for its beautiful fruit in autumn. The species is more finely textured, with smaller red berries developing their colour earlier (by the end of summer), and is generally not as big as I. verticillata. Pink flowers in spring. Very limited. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 30 seeds  $4.25

ILEX verticillata June ilex01 Winterberry 2m  Zone: 4 Native to humid or wet North American lowlands and borders of deciduous forests and the most widespread of the native hollies. Glabrous, moderately glossy leaves. This deciduous shrub bears insignificant yellow flowers in June which develop into outstanding and showy red fruits, remaining on the branches into winter. In Ottawa, they stay red until Christmas. Both male and female plants required for fruit set. Excellent massed, especially near water and large ponds. Can be grown directly in water, but does equally well in ordinary garden situations. Wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Requires cold treatment. 50 seeds  $4.00

JUNIPERUS	(JUNIPER)	Family: CUPRESSACEAE
45-60 aromatic, evergreen, coniferous trees or shrubs with needle-like foliage spread throughout the northern hemisphere.

JUNIPERUS virginiana juniperus03 Eastern Red Cedar 30m  Zone: 2 This is the most widely distributed conifer in eastern North America, and this collection is from the near limit of it's northern range. Eastern Red Cedar prefers rocky, dry, poor soils or rocky ridges and has a decided preference for limestone. Open-grown trees normally have a distinctive dense columnar or conical shape. Leaves are evergreen and of two types (often on the same tree); dark-green scale-like leaves and dark-blue-green needle-like leaves that are most common on juvenile trees. The fruit is a berry-like cone, turning dark-blue and glaucous at maturity. Bark is reddish-brown, exfoliating in long, fibrous strips, often ashy gray where exposed. The wood is highly valued because of its beauty, durability, workability and fragrance. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 20 seeds  $4.25

KALMIA		Family: ERICACEAE
7 species of evergreen shrubs native to north and central America with leathery leaves and corymbs of bell-shaped flowers.

KALMIA angustifolia Mid Summer kalmia01 Sheep Laurel 90cm  Zone: 1 Widespread throughout North America growing on rocky barrens, old pastures, in bogs and on lakeshores. Blue-green foliage and a rounded, spreading habit. Showy corymbs of rose-pink to purplish-red flowers. Prefers an acid, moist soil in sun or shade. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100 seeds  $4.25

KOELREUTERIA	(Chinese Rain Tree)	Family: SAPINDACEAE
A genus of 3 deciduous shrubs or trees native to China with pinnate leaves and flowers in large terminal panicles.

KOELREUTERIA paniculata (Compact Form) Mid Summer koelreuteria01 Golden Rain Tree 4-5m  Zone: 5/6 Native to northern China and Korea. A rapidly growing medium sized ornamental tree with an upright rounded growth habit, becoming spreading with age. Alternate, pinnately compound leaves, emerging bronzed and maturing to dark green. This is one of the few trees to flower in mid-summer; green-yellow to bright yellow flowers combine to form a foot long showy panicle with the individual flowers not opening all at once and having a prolonged two-week bloom period. The inflorescences are very attractive and exhibit a good contrast against the green foliage or blue sky. Clusters of lime-colored three-sided pods form in Summer, and slowly change to beige then mature to medium brown by Autumn, lasting throughout winter. This year's listing comes from a very compact form of the species, which has matured at about 4-5m. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.50

LABURNUM	(Bean Tree)	Family: LEGUMINOSAE
A genus of 2 deciduous shrubs or trees with smooth grey or green bark and trifoliate foliage. Large racemes of pea-like flowers.

LABURNUM alpinum Spring laburnum02 Alpine Golden Chain Tree 4-5m  Zone: 4 Native to eastern Europe and the southern Alps. A small deciduous tree or large shrub most notable for its pendulous racemes (up to 45cm long) of bright-yellow, pea-like flowers in spring. These are followed by dangling, winged seed pods. Glossy dark-green leaves. We know that our friends at the Mustila Arboretum in Finland are able to grow this species, so this bodes well for all of us in northern gardens. 20 seeds  $4.25

LESPEDEZA	(BUSH CLOVER)	Family: LEGUMINOSAE
40 species of perennials and shrubs native to Asia, Australia and the eastern USA with bean-like foliage and small flowers arranged in racemes.

LESPEDEZA buergeri Late Summer to Fall lespedeza04 Indigo Bush 1-3m  Zone: 6 A little-known shrub native to China and Japan, with a spreading habit. The trifoliate foliage is glabrous above and downy beneath. Reddish-purple pea-like flowers in ascending racemes in late summer to fall. Very limited. Order early. 12 seeds  $4.25

LESPEDEZA cyrtobotrya Late Summer lespedeza01 Leafy Lespedeza 3m  Zone: 4 (Listed previously as L. bicolor). A Shrub native to Japan with an upright habit and trifoliate leaves. Flowers on current season's growth. Small rosy-purple flowers are borne in short racemes from the leaf axils of the uppermost 60cm of the stems. Best used in the border and treated as a herbaceous plant. For well drained soil, not overly fertile and full sun. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.00

LONICERA	(HONEYSUCKLE)	Family: CAPRIFOLIACEAE
A large genus of over 150 species and many more hybrids. Usually deciduous erect, or climbing shrubs, widespread in the northern Hemisphere with opposite leaves and small, but showy flowers and berries in the fall. Of easy culture and free of serious insects and diseases.

LONICERA canadensis Early Spring lonicera09 Canada Fly Honeysuckle 1.5m  Zone: 3 A loosely-branched, erect shrub native to eastern North America with reddish-gray bark, peeling and shredding on older stems. Foliage is pale-green. The drooping, funnel-shaped, whitish-yellow flowers appear in early spring, followed by fascinating, paired, red berries, hanging on long stalks. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.00

LONICERA involucrata New Early summer lonicera06 Black Twinberry .5-1.5m  Zone: 2 Native to western North America, from Alaska to California. A deciduous shrub with opposite, elliptic foliage. Flowers are tubular, blooming in twos, followed by black berries surrounded by showy red bracts. Seed wild collected in Alberta. Very limited. Order early. Photograph: Cohan Fulford Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.25

MAACKIA		Family: LEGUMINOSAE
8 species of deciduous shrubs or trees native to eastern Asia with pinnate leaves and pea like flowers in dense branching racemes.

MAACKIA amurensis Summer maackia01 Amur Maackia 18m  Zone: 3 A very hardy small, round-headed tree with rich olive green pinnate leaves and attractive bronze coloured bark. The summer flowers are of special interest; white in 10-15cm stiff erect racemes. For loose, well-drained soil, preferably in sun. Germination Instructions: Sandpapering of seed required. 15 seeds  $4.00

MACLURA

MACLURA pomifera Early Summer maclura01 Osage Orange 9-20m  Zone: 4 A picturesque, small tree, possessing strong form, texture, and character. Native to southeastern North America, growing in woods, fields, thickets and rich bottomlands. This species was historically planted as a field hedge, before barbed wire became available. It is a fast-growing, hardy, tolerant species with a round crown and short trunk. Bark is orange-brown, developing scaly ridges. The arching branches are covered with short thorns. Shiny, bright-green leaves. Very ornamental huge (15cm diameter) inedible fruits, resembling an orange ripen from green to yellow in fall, often weighing more than a kilogram. Osage-orange heartwood is the most decay-resistant of all North American timbers and is immune to termites. 20 seeds  $4.25

MAGNOLIA	(MAGNOLIA)	Family: MAGNOLIACEAE
As flowering trees, none can surpass the Magnolia. Attractive, bold-textured deciduous and evergreen shrubs and trees native to Asia and America. The American species usually bloom after the leaves appear, somewhat diminishing the floral effect. Many of the Asian species bloom before the leaves and are among the showiest. Some also have beautiful and large seed pods in the fall. Most grow best with ample moisture, but well-drained conditions in full sun. Part shade is tolerated, but may reduce flowering. In the North, provide a sheltered site out of prevailing winds.

MAGNOLIA ex Merrill (Moist Packed) New Spring magnolia03 Dr. Merrill Magnolia 5-6m  Zone: 4 Seed from a cultivar with an upright, broad, rounded habit and a fast growth rate. Flowers early from seed. The white, fragrant flowers, blushed with pink at the base, have very broad tepals, giving the blooms a substantial, luxurious feeling. Orange fruits in fall. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 8 seeds  $5.00

MAGNOLIA kobus stellata (rosea) (Moist) New Spring magnolia10 Pink Star Magnolia 3-4m  Zone: 4 The kobus stellatas are very worthwhile and hardy, blooming early from seed. Pink Star carries a profusion of white, highlighted pink flowers in spring. Germination Instructions: Seed has been moist packed and cold stratified as an aid to germination. 10 seeds  $5.00

MAGNOLIA kobus var. stellata (Moist Packed) Spring magnolia07 Star Magnolia 3-4m  Zone: 4 A much-branched, rounded bushy habit on a compact Magnolia. Fragrant white flowers, blooming before the leaves appear. One of the earliest Magnolias to bloom from seed. 15 seeds  $5.00

MAGNOLIA Leonard Messel (Moist Packed) New Spring magnolia08 3-4m  Zone: 4 Seed from a magnificent cultivar of Magnolia kobus loebneri with an abundance of pale pink, star-shaped blooms emerging from darker pink buds. It is of smaller habit than the species. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $5.00

MAGNOLIA macrophylla (Moist Packed) Spring magnolia14 Big Leaf Magnolia 15m  Zone: 5 Native to the southeastern USA and into eastern Mexico, a very rare and scattered species in the wild, uncommonly seen except in cultivation. It is a medium sized understory tree found in rich woods and distinguished by it's very large leaves (up to 80cm long and 30cm wide); in fact the largest simple tree leaf of any dictotyledonous tree in North America. The equally large, beautiful, ivory flowers (25-45cm wide) with purple blotches on the inner petals appear in spring. Seed for a second year comes from a particularly hardy clone growing in the garden of Tony Reznicek in Michigan, which apparently has proven hardy even in northern Michigan. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $6.00

MAGNOLIA sieboldii (Moist Packed) New Early Summer magnolia15 Oyama Magnolia 7m  Zone: 5/6 A very beautiful species native to China, Japan and Korea. Elegant, pendulous cup-shaped white flowers with pink/crimson centers appear in late spring to early summer. These are followed by dangling, small pink seedpods that are highly ornamental. 12 seeds  $6.00

MAGNOLIA tripetala (Moist Packed) Spring magnolia05 Umbrella Magnolia 7.5-12m  Zone: 4 Native to the southeastern USA into the Appalachians. Visitors to our garden continue to be shocked to see this species thriving in the Ottawa Valley (about 2 zones out of range). Winters with lows to -40C have not damaged the plants and our seedlings began blooming at the 8 year stage. The enormous leaves are tropical looking all season. They emerge in spring, followed by large creamy-white flowers. In the autumn, large ornamental seed cones develop (up to 15cm long) that go through a transformation from green to blush-pink to brilliant deep pink that open to expose lighter pink seeds. 10 seeds  $5.00

MAGNOLIA virginiana New June to September magnolia16 Sweet Bay Magnolia 4-15m  Zone: 5 This rarely offered, fast-growing and graceful species is native to the southeastern USA and was the first Magnolia described. Evergreen in areas of milder winters, it is usually deciduous further north. Creamy white flowers with a strong lemony fragrance flower from early summer to fall. Very limited. 10 seeds  $5.50

MYRICA		Family: MYRICACEAE
Evergreen or deciduous shrubs and trees. Alternate, simple leaves are aromatic. Inconspicuous flowers. Round, purplish or grey berries, with a waxy covering, appear in fall.

MYRICA gale Early Summer myrica01 Sweet Gale, Bog Myrtle 30-90cm  Zone: 2/3 Native to higher latitudes of Europe and North America, growing in bogs and waterside. A low-growing deciduous, bushy shrub with willow-like, grey-green foliage, wonderfully aromatic when crushed. Small, white insignificant flowers in clusters borne on the bare wood of the previous year's growth, followed by ornamental catkins. In England, the branches were used to flavor a home-made beer known as "gal-beer." For sun to part shade in moist, acidic soil. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: GA-3 recommended for germination. 30 seeds  $4.00

NANDINA

NANDINA domestica (Dwarf Form) New Early Summer nandina01 Heavenly Bamboo Zone: 6 A suckering shrub in the Barberry family native to eastern Asia from the Himalaya east to Japan. Despite the common name, it is not a bamboo at all. In Japan, the fruiting twigs are sold in winter to decorate altars. The species is an erect shrub with numerous, usually unbranched stems growing from the roots. The glossy leaves are evergreen (sometimes deciduous in colder areas), with young foliage in spring brightly coloured pink to red before turning green; old leaves turn red or purple again before falling. The flowers are white, borne in early summer in conical clusters held well above the foliage. These are followed by bright red berries, ripening in late autumn and often persisting through the winter. Seed comes from a dwarf form of the species, about 60cm tall. We are not sure if this trait will translate from seed. RHS "AGM" Award Winner. Germination Instructions: Seed displays delayed germination due to a rudimentary embryo and slow rate of embryo development. Germination occurs over a long period at warm. 15 seeds  $4.25

NEMOPANTHUS	(MOUNTAIN HOLLY)	Family: AQUIFOLIACEAE
A single species genus native to eastern North America.

NEMOPANTHUS mucronatus Spring nemopanthus01 Northern Mountain Holly 1.5-3m  Zone: 3 (Ilex mucronata) A small native shrub found in various environments in north-eastern North America from dry to moist edges of lakes, coniferous and mixed woods, bogs and swamps. Flowers are yellow-green and inconspicuous. Leaves a rich shiny-green turning a good yellow in autumn. Outstanding early-ripening fruit is velvety maroon-red. Prefers somewhat acid, moist woodland sites, tolerating wet conditions. Fruiting is best with some sun. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 40 seeds  $4.25

NYSSA

NYSSA sylvatica Late Spring nyssa01 Sour Gum, Black Tupelo 10-15m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America, this is a large, slow-growing stately shade tree primarily found in low, wet areas, but also grows on dry, rocky wooded slopes and ravines. It has a straight trunk and rounded crown. Small, greenish-white flowers appear in spring on long stalks which give way to bluish-black fruits which are technically edible but quite sour (hence the common name). Obovate to elliptic, entire to slightly toothed leaves (to 15cm long) are glossy dark-green and take on spectacular fall colours of florescent-yellow, orange, red or purple. The brown or gray mature bark is moderately ornamental, having a blocky, thick composition that slowly gives way to a platy appearance. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.50

OSTRYA		Family: BETULACEAE
A genus of 9 round-headed deciduous trees with grey bark resembling Carpinus.

OSTRYA virginiana Spring ostrya01 American Hophornbeam or Ironwood 8m  Zone: 3 A small, graceful tree native to eastern North America, growing on dry slopes of woodlands as an understory species. It has a rounded outline with horizontal or drooping branches and a slow growth rate. Bark is greyish-brown. Fruit in the fall resembling the fruit of hops. A handsome species which should be more grown. Seed collected from a population on our property. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

PAEONIA
About 33 species of perennials and shrubs distributed in Asia, Europe and northwestern North America. Compound or laciniate foliage and large bowl-shaped flowers in spring and early summer. Very few species Paeonia are found in North American gardens, except Paeonia officinalis and its many hybrids. These beautiful species plants can become the treasures of your garden.

PAEONIA suffructicosa (Pink Hybrids) New Spring paeonia20 Tree Peony 2m  Zone: 4 A shrubby, long-lived peony native to east Asia, growing on cliffs and in scrub in the mountains. The species has attractive, deeply divided foliage, above which are found large flowers (15-20cm across), each petal with a purple basal patch. Seed offered comes from Dr. James Waddick (co-author of the Timber Press 'The Genus Paeonia')who has this to say: "...a mix of seed from named cultivars including single, semi-double and double sorts and various shades from pale to bright pink." 8 seeds  $4.50

PAULOWNIA	(PRINCESS, FOXGLOVE TREE)	Family: SCROPHULARIACEA
A genus of 17 deciduous trees native to east Asia with large, dramatic leaves and foxglove-like flowers in terminal panicles.

PAULOWNIA tomentosa Spring paulownia01 9-10m  Zone: 6 The Foxglove Tree is well known for its showy groups of fragrant, pale violet or rich purple foxglove-like flowers that appear in spring, before the leaves emerge. The tree is symbolically connected to the Phoenix because of its ability to entirely regenerate from the root, even if lost to fire or other catastrophe. Because of this ability and the fact that the leaves are large and dramatic, gardeners can stool the plant and use it as a very dramatic accent in the garden. This we do here, even though the tree is not hardy for us, and the effect is wonderful. All growth is cut to the ground in spring and kept to a single shoot. This will be a "pseudo-trunk' a bamboo-like stem reaching 10-12' in a season, bearing the huge, handsome leaves (up to 3' across). Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.00

PHELLODENDRON	(CORK TREE)	Family: RUTACEAE
10 species of large, handsome deciduous trees of Asia with aromatic, pinnately compound leaves yellowing in the fall. Clusters of inconspicuous flowers develop into large dramatic clusters of black berry-like fruits that hang on the tree until late fall in the north. Tolerate sun or shade.

PHELLODENDRON amurense Early Summer phellodendron01 Amur Cork Tree 12m  Zone: 3 Native to northern China and Manchuria. Shapely, very wide-spreading tree with massive branches and attractive gray, deeply-fissured, corky bark. Decorative dark green compound leaves. Numerous large clusters of jet-black berries hang from the branches into late fall. Germination Instructions: Requires cold treatment. 25 seeds  $4.00

PHILADELPHUS	(MOCK ORANGE)	Family: HYDRANGEACEAE
A genus of 60 mainly deciduous shrubs native to the Americas, Himalayas, China, east Asia and the Caucasus with peeling bark and usually white, strongly fragrant, flowers.

PHILADELPHUS calvescens Summer philadelphus06 Delavayi's Mock Orange 2.5m  Zone: 5/6 Native to China, Tibet and Burma, growing in mixed forests, thickets and on mountain slopes. The foliage, branches and flowerbuds are all tinged in grey and the white flowers in dense racemes are heavily scented. A beauty. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 25 seeds  $4.50    Sorry...Sold Out

PHILADELPHUS caucasicus Early Summer philadelphus01 Caucasus Mock Orange 3m  Zone: 3/4 Native to the Russian Caucasus. Fragrant white single flowers in early summer. A rarely available species. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.25

PHILADELPHUS lewisii Early Summer philadelphus02 Wild Mock Orange 1.5-3.5m  Zone: 4 A fast-growing, drought tolerant native of western North America from British Columbia to California, east to Montana and central Idaho. Showy fragrant clusters of white flowers forming lines down the stem. This years' listing is a wild collection from BC. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

PHILADELPHUS pubescens Late Spring to Early Summer philadelphus04 Hoary Mock Orange 4m  Zone: 3/4 Native to the eastern USA, growing on wooded slopes and in rich woods. It has an overall rounded shape and arching branches. This is one of those plants you should plant close to a window. When the flowers open up in spring, it will fill the entire room with orange-blossom fragrance. The clusters of white flowers have yellow stamens and are individually up to 5cm across. The underside of the dark green oval to elliptical leaves are downy (hence the common name). Looks wonderful combined with Rhododendron, Hydrangea and other plants that enjoy part shade to full sun. Hardy in southern Finland. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.25

PHYSOCARPUS	(NINEBARK)	Family: ROSACEAE
These attractive deciduous shrubs of North America and Asia are members of the Rose Family. Shreddy bark and alternate leaves. Small white or pinkish flowers occur in profuse clusters in spring. Tolerate dry soil, sun or shade.

PHYSOCARPUS capitatus Spring physocarpus04 Western Ninebark 1.5-6m  Zone: 5 Native to western North America. A tall, erect, spreading shrub growing in low, wet areas in the wild. Bark is yellow or orange-brown; exfoliating in long strips, especially on older stems. Showy clusters of cream coloured flowers in spring. Seed wild collected in BC. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.25

PHYSOCARPUS opulifolius Spring physocarpus01 3m  Zone: 3 Arching shrub native to eastern North America with three-lobed leaves and white flowers with reddish anthers in dense clusters. Bark on older branches peels off in vertical strips. The seed heads remain on the shrub far into winter. Leaves turn red in autumn. Undemanding shrub that have many uses in the garden from specimen to hedge. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $3.75

PHYSOCARPUS opulifolius (Purple Leaf Form) physocarpus03 This form has deep maroon foliage. About 25-50% will come true. Select the deepest colours. 25 seeds  $4.00

PHYSOCARPUS opulifolius var. luteus physocarpus02 Yellow Ninebark This form of our native ninebark has yellow foliage in spring, gradually changing to yellowish-green, then finally almost green. Expect about 50% or more coming true to type. Wait until the second season to determine the best yellow leaved forms. 20 seeds  $4.00

PONCIRUS

PONCIRUS trifoliata (Moist Packed) New Mid-Spring poncirus01 Japanese Bitter Orange 3-5m  Zone: (5) 6 This close relative to the citrus trees is a small, spiny, decidious species native to China with trifoliate leaves and white, whispy-petalled, fragrant flowers in spring. It bears small golf-ball sized, wrinkled yellow fruits, looking like small oranges. Often used as a rootstock for many citrus species and varieties, as it is known to improve frost hardiness and fruit quality. Hardy to -20 C with some protection. Beautiful for bonsai. Germination Instructions: Seed is moist, cold stored to maintain viablility. 20 seeds  $4.50

PRINSEPIA

PRINSEPIA sinensis (ex northern China) New Spring prinsepia01 Cherry Prinsepia 2m  Zone: 3 Native to Manchuria; a long-lived, dense, spiny, extremely hardy and drought tolerant shrub. It is one of the first woody species to leaf out in early spring and has a lovely arching habit. The bright-green, narrow foliage colors yellow in autumn. Light-yellow clustered flowers line the stems in early spring, followed by red, cherry-like, edible fruit. The "cherries" ripen in August and can be eaten fresh or used for jam. Our seed this year is derived from plants of wild origin from northern China. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.50

PRINSEPIA uniflora Spring prinsepia02 Hedge Prinsepia 1-2m  Zone: 4 Native to eastern Asia and north-western China. A small, spiny shrub with gray, gracefully arching twigs. Narrow glossy green foliage. White flowers in spring are followed by globose, dark purple fruits. A minimum-maintenance plant which also makes an excellent hedge. Rarely found in commerce. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.50

PRUNUS
430 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs and trees with often fragrant and showy flowers in clusters or racemes. Fruit is often, though not always, something to eat.

PRUNUS americana Early Spring prunus07 American Plum 3-10m  Zone: 2 A widespread small native tree that will form dense thickets ideal for windbreak. Showy white flowers in the spring appearing before the leaves and followed by small yellow-red plums in early fall. Wild plum is an important habitat tree for a variety of birds and mammals that eat its fruit or browse its twigs and leaves. The fruit can be made into preserves, jam or jelly. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $3.75

PRUNUS maackii Late Spring prunus16 Amur Cherry 15m  Zone: 2 Native to Korea, Siberia and Manchuria, a beautiful and very hardy species with four-season interest. It has bronze-coloured exfoliating bark that is outstanding in the landscape, particularly in winter. Drooping racemes of fragrant creamy-white flowers in late spring are followed by very astringent small fruit, beloved by birds. Should be planted in a prominent spot. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

PRUNUS munsoniana Early Spring prunus17 Wild Goose Plum 6m  Zone: 4 Native to the south-eastern USA growing along streams, on pastures, roadsides and edges of woodlands. A small tree with gray and scaly bark when mature. Shiny green leaves with a maroon cast. The clusters of pretty white flowers in early Spring on bare branches are followed by utterly delicious dark maroon plums ripening in fall. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 8 seeds  $4.50

PRUNUS nigra Late Spring prunus13 Canada Plum 9m  Zone: 2 Closely related to Prunus americana. Their native range almost completely overlaps except that P. nigra extends further north and is found in isolated locations in the Canadian prairies. It is a small tree, with upward-growing, often crooked branches, originating low on the trunk. Crown is normally rounded. Alternate, simple green leaves on smooth, dark-brown bark, sporting thorns. Showy white flowers early in the season are followed by small, dark reddish-purple plums, excellent for jam. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Pure wild plums, Prunus nigra and P. americana, are by far the best pollinizers for hybrid plums. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 8 seeds  $3.75

PRUNUS padus Early Spring prunus05 Bird Cherry or Mayday 10m  Zone: 1 A very hardy and attractive tree native to Europe and Asia that leafs out very early and bears masses of long spikes of fragrant white flowers smelling like almonds. These are followed by sour, small black fruits loved by birds. Mayday has gunmetal gray bark and it's foliage turns bronze in the fall. The tree in full flower, blooming early in spring, has traditionally been seen as a symbol of hope. Known to grow beyond the Arctic Circle. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

PRUNUS pensylvanica Spring prunus09 Pin, Bird or Fire Cherry 6m  Zone: 2 A fast-growing small tree, shrub-like in habit, native across northern North America growing in forest clearings, hillsides and riverbanks; usually on well-drained sites. This very hardy species is often used as a grafting root-stock. White flowers in flat-topped clusters appear in spring at the same time as the leaves. Bark is lustrous, red-brown, with long horizontal orange lenticels; sometimes peeling in horizontal strips. Small, sour bright-red cherries in mid to late summer. The fruits are a favourite of many birds. Pincherries are used to make jellies, juice, syrup, wine, sauce and components of baked goods. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $3.75

PRUNUS pumila var. susquehanae Early Summer prunus10 Sand or Susquehanna Cherry 45-90cm  Zone: 3 Native to north-eastern North America this is a low-growing, trailing, multi-branched shrub growing on dunes, gravelly beaches, alvars and rocky slopes. It is identifiable by its low, spreading profile, stout branches, and leathery, sharply pointed leaves. In the variety susquehanae (sometimes recognized as a distinct species) the branches are erect to ascending. White five-parted flowers in early summer followed by purple-black cherries in late summer. Although it can grow to 2m, it's average size is 45cm. Sand Cherry is one of the early plants to colonize sand dunes and is an important food for birds and other animals who make dunes their habitat. This consistently heavy-fruiting cherry makes excellent preserves and will provide you with more pounds of fruit earlier than most other small fruit. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required 15 seeds  $4.25

PRUNUS tomentosa Spring prunus01 Nanking Cherry 1.8-3m  Zone: 2 I was first introduced to Nanking Cherry by Hugh Skinner in 1998? as we tasted our way along a long hedge of them in Zone 2 Manitoba. And as I ate the delicious small fruit, I put each pit in the pocket of my coat, determined to grow them once I got home. Nanking Cherry is a compact shrub, native to northern China and Japan, which can also be grown as a small tree. It has beautiful pinkish-white flowers in spring. The dark green leaves break dormancy early, are retained even in drought and are slow to drop after the first killing frost. Fruit is a small, very short-stemmed red cherry with a distinctive wild, sweet taste. It is excellent for jellies, jams and pies. This Prunus has gained in popularity in recent years and is often marketed as a dwarf or miniature cherry for city lots. It's hardiness, rapid growth, dense, compact form, and excellent retention of leaves makes this species a desirable shrub for the northern garden. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

PRUNUS virginiana Early Spring prunus03 Chokecherry 8m  Zone: 2 A small very hardy native tree or large, suckering shrub with a rounded crown. Dark green, leathery leaves with dark reddish brown to nearly black bark. White flowers in early spring in 3-6" racemes. The small fleshy fruit, in short, cylindical clusters matures from red to purplish-black in late summer. It is very astringent when eaten raw (therefore the common name), but delicious when cooked. It has long been used for making jams, jellies, syrup, wine and pies. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.00

PRUNUS virginiana (Maroon Foliage) prunus06 Seed from a maroon-leaved cultivar of chokecherry (Canada Red), coming true from seed. The foliage emerges green in the spring, later turning a dark maroon-purple and in autumn turning a lovely red. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

PTELEA	(HOP TREE)	Family: RUTACEAE
11 shrubs and small trees native to North America with musky, aromatic bark. Panicles of white or greenish flowers and decorative, interesting seed pods, suitable for drying. Will grow well even in dry, poor soils, although preferring moisture. Tolerates polluted city conditions.

PTELEA trifoliata Spring ptelea01 6m  Zone: 4 Native to the eastern USA and into Canada. Undemanding, sparsely branched small understory tree. Greenish-white fragrant flowers in late spring. Outstanding papery fruits maturing in September and staying on the branches until late winter. Bark gives off a bitter smell like hops, thought to repel wild animals. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.00

PTELEA trifoliata var. pubescens ptelea04 A variety with pubescent leaves underneath; fully green above. Branchlets, petioles and inflorescence are glabrous. The pubescence is particularly pronounced when the leaves are just unfurling in spring. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

PTEROCARYA	(WINGNUT)	Family: JUGLANDACEAE
A small genus of handsome, fast-growing deciduous trees in the Walnut family native to the Caucasus and southeastern Asia with pinnate leaves and wing-like seeds.

PTEROCARYA fraxinifolia Spring pterocarya03 Caucasian Wingnut 20-30m  Zone: 4/5 Native to the Caucasus, eastern Turkey and northern Iran, usually found in the mountains. A fast-growing, large and handsome tree, often multi-stemmed with a broad-spreading crown. Large, compound, glossy dark-green leaves. After spring flowering, small green winged nutlets develop in the female catkins in early summer, forming pendulous wants to 60cm long. Nutlets mature to brown in late summer to early fall, often persisting on the tree into winter. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.25

PTEROCARYA rhoifolia Spring pterocarya02 Japanese Wingnut 25m  Zone: 4 This member of the walnut family is native to Japan and rarely seen in cultivation. It is a handsome, large specimen tree, excellent for shade in a large space. The straight-growing trunk is fissured and the beautiful, textured foliage is similar to that of Carya. The long leaves composed of 11-25 leaflets are variable in shape, typical of members of this family, and drop as cold weather approaches. The inflorescences are pendulous catkins that are light green in color followed by striking wing-like seeds in autumn. ONLY SHIPPED WITHIN CANADA. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 7 seeds  $4.25

PYRUS	(PEAR)	Family: ROSACEAE
A genus of 30 deciduous trees and shrubs with white flowers in spring, followed by edible fruit. Pear blossoms are one of the earliest, most beautiful announcements of spring's arrival. Pears come in a variety of shapes and sizes; most offer brilliant fall color in addition to their profuse spring blooms. All bear some fruit, but in most cases the tiny fruits are quickly eaten by birds.

PYRUS ussuriensis pyrus03 Ussurian Pear 8m  Zone: 2/3 Native to northern China and Korea best known for its very showy white flowers in early spring, which tend to open a week or two ahead of the flowering crabs in the North. The white flowers cover the plant prior to leaf emergence.The result is a tall, rounded cloud of snow. The small yellow-green pears mature in early September. They are not edible. Leaves are glossy green in summer, turning yellow to purple in autumn. 12 seeds  $4.25

RHAMNUS	(BUCKTHORN)	Family: RHAMNACEAE
A genus of 150 trees, widely distributed in north temperature areas, frequently thorny.

RHAMNUS saxatilis Spring rhamnus02 Rock Buckthorn, Avignon Berry 45cm  Zone: 5 Native to rocky, dry places of central to southern Europe. A wonderful, small, spiny shrub with a prostrate habit. The reddish-brown branches overlap and twist in time, giving it a textured, multi-dimensional quality. Yellow flowers line the stems in spring, followed by black berries in autumn. The unripe berries were traditionally used to produce a yellow dye. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator 15 seeds  $4.50

RHODODENDRON	(RHODODENDRON)	Family: ERICACEAE
A large genus of trees and shrubs, usually evergreen with showy flowers in terminal racemes. We are grateful to Rhododendron Man, John Weagle, of Halifax, Nova Scotia for his generosity in sharing the seed of all the new species we offer this season. His helpful article on growing Rhodos from seed can be found on line at http://www.atlanticrhodo.org/unique/contents/seed.html

RHODODENDRON albrechtii Early Spring rhododendron32 1-2.5m  Zone: 5 Belonging to a small group of deciduous azaleas native to Japan and northeastern Asia, this is a medium sized shrub with obovate leaves and blossoms that open before or with the new foliage in early spring. These are borne in clusters and color varies from a deep rose-pink to brilliant red-purple. R. albrechtii seems to be a "loner" when it comes to interbreeding with other species, so crossing is not much of an issue. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30+ seeds  $4.25

RHODODENDRON albrechtii (Windsor Form) rhododendron28 This form of R. albrechtii is a very good dark purple. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.50

RHODODENDRON beesianum (Yunnan R&N 141) Early Summer rhododendron34 2-9m  Zone: 6 We are very pleased to offer wild seed of this rarely offered species collected by our friend Remi Nielsen in the mountains of Yunnan in late 2008. Native to coniferous forests in the mountains of China, with long, leathery deep-green foliage. This is a slow-growing species with umbels of beautiful pink to white, or rarely, red flowers in early summer, some with internal spotting. A challenge in cultivation, requiring sharp drainage and cool conditions. Because this collection comes from high altitudes, it may be hardier than indicated. Photograph: Rhododendron Society Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $7.00

RHODODENDRON brachycarpum (Tony Law) rhododendron30 1.2-2.4m  Zone: 5 Native to Korea and Japan, often growing above the tree line in the mountains. This species withstands wind and dry mineral soil better than most rhododendrons. Trusses of 8-20 white to pink flowers bloom late in the season above attractive foliage with dark, shiny green leaves that look almost tropical. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.50

RHODODENDRON canadense Spring to Summer rhododendron02 Rhodora 30-90cm  Zone: 3 Native to eastern Canada growing in bogs, on wet slopes or rocky summits. A deciduous shrub with terminal clusters of openly campanulate rose, purple or white flowers opening either before or with its leaves. Foliage is blue-green and has distinctive hairy and rolled margins, gray-green beneath. Seed wild collected. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

RHODODENDRON carolinianum (Robust Form) Spring rhododendron01 This robust form descends from a strain sold by Captain Steele at the Bayport Plant Farm as "Bayport robust." Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30+ seeds  $4.25

RHODODENDRON groenlandicum Early Summer rhododendron20 Labrador Tea 30-90cm  Zone: 1 (Ledum groenlandicum) A very ornamental, hardy evergreen shrub, inhabiting cold and arctic regions of the Northern hemisphere growing in moist forests, bogs, or open tundra. The aromatic, glossy, dark-green leaves have rolled margins covered below with orange hairs. White flowers in dense terminal clusters. The leaves can be used to make a palatable herbal tea, rich in vitamin C. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100+ seeds  $4.25

RHODODENDRON maximum Early to Late Summer rhododendron13 Rosebay, Great Laurel 4.5m or taller  Zone: 5 Rosebay Rhododendron is found in the woods of eastern North America from Georgia to Quebec and Nova Scotia, often in dense shade. It is the state flower of West Virginia. Growing along streams and on moist, rocky wooded slopes, Rosebay tolerates the low pH associated with damp, shady almost bog-like conditions. The epithet 'maximum' refers to the large size of a mature specimen, which is normally about 4.5m, but can potentially become tree-like reaching 12m. The plant habit is spreading, broader than tall, often forming inpenetrable thickets in the wild. The handsome, evergreen leaves are elliptic and large, 12 to 30cm inches long, glossy dark green. Flowers are white to pale pink, occasionally deep pink to rose red with yellow-green spotting. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100 seeds  $4.25

RHODODENDRON maximum ( Red Max) Mid-June rhododendron31 Zone: 5 John Weagle's description: "A curious form with red-centered leaves, red stems and burgundy flowers. It may produce a few of the same, but normally gives very nice pink maximums plus a few that bloom both pink and white on different branches. Will tolerate high shade." And, from the American Rhododendron Society: "The most interesting...is a specimen called 'Red Max'. In the early 1930's during the depression, when the construction of the Blue Ridge Parkway was taking place near Mount Mitchell, a scout for the construction crew came upon a population of 15 to 20 R. maximum with an unusual red coloration. He took a collection of cuttings and sent them to a Rhododendron Society member who shared them with others. This plant's blooms are indeed red. In addition to the bloom, many parts of the plant, including the buds and leaf veins, are red.'Red Max' has become almost legendary, with extensive study conducted concerning its features and use in breeding other forms. The plant has an unstable nature with wide variety in flower color. In fact, the plant and its offspring frequently have blooms that differ in coloration from limb to limb and from season to season on the same plant. In addition, there are differences in color when the plant is grown at lower elevations." Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.75

RHODODENDRON proteoides (Yunnan) New Early Midseason rhododendron35 Zone: 3 This is probably one of the most choice, indeed rare, species, perfect for the rock garden. It is one of the smallest (if not the smallest) of all rhododendrons and characterized by slow growth (30cm in 10 years). Handsome, tiny leaves have rusty colored indumentum. Flowers are pink, speckled red, rarely white. Cool conditions and sharp drainage are a must. Full sun. Seed wild collected at high altitudes in China. Only a few packs. Photograph: Rhododendron Society. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $7.50    Sorry...Sold Out

RHODODENDRON schlippenbachii New Spring rhododendron21 Japanese Royal Azalea to 240cm  Zone: 4 The species is native to Korea and northeastern China. Considered by some the most handsome of all azaleas when the large, luminous, fragrant pink flowers cover the shrub in May just as the leaves are starting to emerge from their sheaths. Foliage is a beautiful dark green in summer, developing fabulous tones of purple-red in autumn. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.50

RHODODENDRON tomentosum Early Summer rhododendron27 Wild Rosemary, Marsh Tea 50cm  Zone: 2 Formerly in the genus Ledum, now re-classified as a Rhododendron. This is one of the lepidotes (scaly-leaved rhododendrons) native to northern North America, northern Europe and Asia, forming a bushy, erect to spreading evergreen. The five-petalled flowers are white, cream or rose held in round corymbs. Leaves are aromatic and leathery; narrow, dark-green above, with rusty-coloured hair below. Seed wild collected in Norway. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

RHODOTYPOS	(JETBEAD)	Family: ROSACEAE
A one-species genus native to Japan and China.

RHODOTYPOS scandens Early Summer rhodotypos01 Black Jetbead 1.5m  Zone: 4 Native to Japan and China. This is a shrub with really good foliage: bright green, dense, clean leaves with distinctly impressed veins. Solitary white four-petaled flowers appear in late spring later giving rise to fruits that mature at the ends of the stems as shiny black beads. These are persistent into winter. Tolerant of heavy shearing and will grow in full sun to full shade. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.25

RHUS	(SUMAC)	Family: ANACARDIACEAE
A genus of over 200 aromatic trees and shrubs native to North America, eastern Asia, Australia and South Africa.

RHUS aromatica Spring rhus01 Fragrant Sumac .5 to 1.5m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern and central North America. Fragrant Sumac lives up to its common name and rubbing the leaves or stems produces a lovely, aromatic pungency. And the small plant, although twisting and sprawling, is very appealing; a myriad of tiny yellow early spring flowers are followed by slightly-serrated leaves, then red berries and finally the brilliance of yellow and red fall leaves. It can grow in a wide variety of conditions and tolerates sites with high moisture fluctuations from saturation or flooding in winter and spring to extremely dry and barren, almost desert conditions in summer. It has a great ability to cling to slopes, serving to stabilize the soil with its shallow fibrous root system. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Seed coat is very hard and impermeable and requires puncturing. Then cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.25

RHUS typhina rhus03 Staghorn Sumac 3-4m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America, an open, colonizing shrub with beautiful pinnately compound foliage turning almost unrivalled brilliant shades of yellow, orange and red in autumn. Large, hairy golden panicles of bloom in early summer followed by crimson seeds which persist on the plant into winter. I am inordinately fond of our native staghorn sumac and if you have the space to allow it to move, there are few woody plants that provide such beauty in all seasons. Best used on banks, natural areas, woodland edges and for massing. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 20 seeds  $4.00

RIBES	(CURRANT, GOOSEBERRY)	Family: GROSSULARIACEAE
A genus of 150 mainly deciduous shrubs, often thorny.

RIBES alpinum New Spring ribes03 Alpine Currant 1-2m  Zone: 2 Native to northern Europe. Alpine currant is a compact, mound-forming shrub which makes a good hedge or ground cover. Lobed, dense, glossy-green leaves turn yellow in fall. Flowers are greenish-yellow and inconspicuous followed by an inedible, red berry. Stems are chestnut brown and may exfoliate as they mature. Adapts well to shearing and can be kept trimmed to any desired height from 45cm to 1.2m. Very drought tolerant. Seed wild collected in Lepsama, Finland. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $3.75

ROSA	(ROSE)	Family: ROSACEAE
100-150 deciduous shrubs from the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere.

ROSA moyesii New Summer rosa21 3-4m  Zone: 5 A large shrub rose, native to western China, growing in scrub and on slopes. The fragrant, deep pinkish-red flowers with golden stamens are followed by interesting bottle-shaped orange-red hips. Because of it's arching stems and size, it can be grown as a small climber. Tolerant of poor soil and woodland conditions. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.00

ROSA rubrifolia (glauca) Summer rosa03 Redleaf Rose 210cm  Zone: 2 From the mountains of Europe. A fine addition to the shrub or flower border because of its interesting foliage colour; a beautiful coppery or purplish hue. Can be used in groups to great effect. Flower colour will vary with seed grown plants, but are predominantly pink. Hips are round and smooth. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.00

ROSA virginiana New Early Summer rosa19 Virginiana Rose 1.5m  Zone: 4 Native to eastern North America growing in meadows and along hedgerows. A dense, suckering shrub with light green foliage, and reddish canes. Single pink flowers. The red hips last well into the winter. Excellent summer foliage and splendid autumn colours. Good in sandy soil. Seed wild collected in Nova Scotia. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

RUBUS		Family: ROSACEAE
A large genus of shrubs, usually prickly and bristly with simple flowers followed by edible berries.

RUBUS allegheniensis Early Summer rubus05 Mountain Blackberry 60-90cm  Zone: 2/3 One of the most common blackberries of north-eastern North America. A thorny, arching shrub with toothed, divided foliage and white flowers in large heads in early summer. These are followed by edible, juicy, elongated, shiny black berries. Will grow in any soil condition, sun or light shade. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $3.75

SAMBUCUS	(ELDER, ELDERBERRY)	Family: CAPRIFOLIACEAE
This member of the Honeysuckle family contains about 20 species of perennials, shrubs or small trees native to north temperate and tropical regions, growing in rich, moist soils. White flowers and showy berries in large panicles.

SAMBUCUS nigra ssp. canadensis Summer sambucus01 American Elder to 4m  Zone: 3 A native stoloniferous, multi-stemmed shrub, broad and rounded with an arching habit. Bright light-green leaves and yellow-white flowers in profuse and large flat-topped cymes. Fruits are purple black in drupes. Fruit attracts wildlife, is good for wine and absolutely delicious for jelly, tasting like grape. Wild collected in Rideau Township, Ontario. Germination Instructions: GA-3 required for germination. 50 seeds  $4.00

SAMBUCUS pubens Late Spring sambucus06 Red-Berried Elderberry. 3-4m  Zone: 3 Native to northern North America occuring in a range of habitats from wet or moist sites along river edge or lakeside to moist or dry mixed forest. This deciduous shrub or small tree is a fine ornamental with lance-shaped, green leaves divided into five to seven leaflets and interesting brownish-red-warty bark. Pyramidal clusters of ivory flowers in late spring are followed by bright red berries in late June. The berries are (very) attractive to birds and ripen just about the time that baby birds need them in late June to early July. There appears to be controversy over whether the juice of the berries is toxic to humans. Certainly the roots, flowers, seeds, leaves, as well as the fruit's pulp while still green, possess cyanide-producing glycosides. Some sources believe, however, that the berries (minus the seeds), when fully ripened and cooked, are fine for consumption and make a wonderful, tart jelly. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: GA-3 required for germination. 50 seeds  $4.00

SARCOCOCCA

SARCOCOCCA confusa New December-March sarcococca02 Sweet Box 1-1.5m  Zone: (6) 7 If you live in a warm enough climate, this western Chinese species will charm you with its clusters of extremely fragrant, small white flowers which perfume the air in winter. These are followed by black berries. Related to the common box, it is a slow-growing plant perfect in the woodland garden where it will spread by suckering shoots gradually forming low-growing mounds of glossy, undulating, evergreen foliage. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 15 seeds  $4.25

SARCOCOCCA hookeriana New Late Winter sarcococca01 Dwarf Fragrant Sweet Box 30-60cm  Zone: 6 Native to the Himalayas and Tibet, a small, sweety fragrant, suckering, evergreen shrub, extremely useful as a woody groundcover for shade. The leaves are bright green, shiny and lanceolate with a pointed tip and a wedge-shaped base. Clusters of fragrant white flowers appear in the axils of the leaves in early spring. These are followed by purple-black berries, holding beautiful shiny seeds. Photograph: UBC Botanical Garden Germination Instructions: Easy warm germinator. 15 seeds  $4.25

SECURINEGA		Family: EUPHORBIACEAE
About 20 species of deciduous shrubs from temperate and subtropical regions.

SECURINEGA suffruticosa Late Summer securinega01 2m  Zone: 4 This species is native to Siberia and other cold regions of northeast Asia and is virtually unknown in gardens in North America. A botanical rarity, it is perhaps the only hardy woody member of the Euphorbia family. This is a small densely branched shrub with numerous, slender, wand-like and arching stems. Bright green fresh foliage. Greenish-white flowers in clusters in late summer. For any well-drained soil and full sun. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 25 seeds  $4.00

SORBARIA	(FALSE SPIREA)	Family: ROSACEAE
A genus of 4 deciduous, branching shrubs flowering in summer and native to eastern Asia.

SORBARIA aitchisonii Summer sorbaria02 Kashmir Falsespirea 2-4m  Zone: 4 An elegant shrub native to Afghanistan, Pakistan and Kashmir. The branches are long and spreading, reddish when young. Leaves glabrous with sharply toothed and tapered leaflets. Flowers in large, conical panicles in summer. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

SORBARIA sorbifolia Summer sorbaria01 Ural Salse Spirea to 3m  Zone: 1 From the Ural Mountains to Japan, this shrub is multi-stemmed and suckering, so is very effective for large scale planting or hedging. Large fleecy panicles (4-10" long) of creamy white flowers in summer. Early to leaf out in spring, the fresh green narrow leaves look good all season. Will grow well in most situations, from moist to dry soil, thriving in full sun, but tolerating partial shade. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 75 seeds  $3.50

SORBARIA tomentosa Late Summer sorbaria03 Kashmir False Spirea 2-3m  Zone: 5 Native to the Himalayas, Afghanistan and Pakistan, this species is taller than S. sorbifolia and bears plumes of creamy-white flowers in early summer. More drought tolerant, but less cold hardy than Ural False Spirea. Pretty, fern-like foliage, appearing early in the season. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.25

SPIRAEA	(BRIDAL WREATH)	Family: ROSACEA
A genus of 80 deciduous shrubs native to Asia, Europe and North America.

SPIRAEA alba var. latifolia Summer spiraea02 Broad-Leaved Meadowsweet 50-150cm  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America, growing on low, moist ground, in meadows and fields, often forming thickets. Leaves are aromatic, smelling like almond. Bark is smooth, grayish to reddish-brown, eventually peeling off in fine strips. Dense upright clusters of white to pale pink flowers in summer. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100 seeds  $4.00

SPIRAEA fritschiana Early Summer spiraea01 Korean or Fritschiana Spirea 60cm  Zone: 3 An uncommon, compact shrub native to Korea and China with a mounded habit. Large flat-topped clusters of very fragrant, white flowers in early summer. The blue-green leaves, larger than most spirea species, color brilliantly in the fall. Wonderful as a specimen, for massing or to bind sunny slopes. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.25

SPIRAEA tomentosa Late Summer to Fall spiraea03 Steeplebush or Hardhack 60-100cm  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America; an erect shrub most commonly found on sunny sites, in moist to wet soil. The leaves are simple, dark green, felty, greyish-white underneath. The good pink flowers are aggregated into a branched panicle-like cluster. Perfect for "naturalized" areas adjacent to streams and ponds, will even tolerate wet, acidic soil. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 100 seeds  $4.00

STAPHYLEA	(BLADDER-NUT)	Family: STAPHYLEACEAE
These are ornamental, deciduous shrubs or small trees of north temperate regions, with opposite, compound leaves, clusters of whitish flowers and bladderlike fruits. Rarely found in cultivation. Tolerate full sun to part shade.

STAPHYLEA bumalda Spring staphylea01 2.1m  Zone: 4 From China, Korea and Japan growing in woods and by streams. This species is smaller in all respects than our native Bladdernut. A spreading upright habit with glabrous grey-brown branches and elegant, trifoliate leaves. White flowers in short, loose terminal clusters after the leaves appear in spring. Foliage provides lovely red tints in the autumn. Small inflated seed pods are wonderful late into the season, particularly after the leaves fall. Any soil, sun to part shade. Rare in the trade. Germination Instructions: Requires cold treatment. 20 seeds  $4.50

STAPHYLEA trifolia Spring staphylea02 4.5m  Zone: 4 Eastern North American native with trifoliate leaves. Pendant clusters of white flowers in mid to late spring, after the leaves expand. Large, inflated seed pods hold the seeds which rattle in the wind. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.00

STYRAX	(Snowbell)	Family: STYRACACEAE
A genus of about 100 deciduous or evergreen shrubs and small trees native to Asia, the Americas and Europe with fragrant white flowers in panicles.

STYRAX japonica ex Pink Chimes New Early Summer styrax01 Japanese Snowbell to 6m  Zone: 5 A lovely small to medium sized deciduous tree native to Japan and China with a broad, spreading crown, often wider than high and a medium growth rate. Interesting year-round with its attractive branch structure in winter, fresh green leaves in spring, masses of delicate, dangling flowers in early summer and rich yellow to red autumn colour. Seed is from the pink flowered cultivar, Pink Chimes. A absolutely lovely addition to the garden, whether you get pink or white seedlings. Great for bonsai. Germination Instructions: Germinates in a warm-cold-warm pattern. 10 seeds  $4.25

SYMPHORICARPOS	(SNOWBERRY, CORALBERRY)	Family: CAPRIFOLIACEAE
17 species of deciduous shrubs native to China and the Americas with bell-shaped, but inconspicuous flowers. They are chiefly grown for their abundant display of white or rose-coloured berries, which appear in autumn and often last into winter. Some are perfect for hedging and all grow well in shade even among the roots of overhanging trees. Quite hardy and will grow in all types of soils.

SYMPHORICARPOS albus Summer symphoricarpos Common Snowberry 60-90cm  Zone: 3 A small suckering shrub native to North America with a bushy, rounded habit and fast growth rate. Bluish green foliage and clusters of pinkish flowers on current season's growth. Produces a white berry-like drupe in fall, remaining effective into winter, hence the common name. Very tolerant of any soil, though native on limestone and clay. Full sun to medium shade. Very hardy and particularly effective in the shady garden for late season interest. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 30 seeds  $4.00

SYMPHORICARPOS albus laevigatus New Summer symphoricarpos04 2m  Zone: 4 This western North American variety of snowberry grows in the under-story of coniferous forests, particularly in the shaded conditions associated with forest boundaries. Laevigatus = smooth, referring to the relative paucity of hairs on the stems and leaf undersides of these plants. It is larger than its eastern counterpart and has a more upright habit. Collected in the wild in Nova Scotia, where it is introduced. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.00

SYMPHORICARPOS occidentalis Early Summer symphoricarpos02 Western Snowberry .3-1.5m  Zone: 3 Native to western North America, growing in grasslands, open forests, ravines and distrubed areas. A rhizomateous shrub with glaucous foliage, forming colonies in the wild. Clusters of bell-shaped pinkish-white berries followed by showy white berries in autumn. Seed wild collected in BC. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 30 seeds  $4.25

SYMPHORICARPOS orbiculatus symphoricarpos03 Coral Berry, Indian Currant 60-150cm  Zone: 2 Native to the eastern USA, an attractive and distinct member of the genus with arching stems, short flower spikes and showy purplish-red fruits that are abundantly produced and persist through winter. These can be cut for indoor floral arrangments. Photograph: Missouri Botanic Garden Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.25

TAXUS	(YEW)	Family: TAXACEAE
A genus of 3-10 evergreen conifers native to the north temperate zone.

TAXUS canadensis Spring taxus03 Canada Yew 30-90cm  Zone: 3/4 Native to north-eastern North America, growing in cool, rich, damp woods and wooded swamps, on banks and along bog margins. An slow-growing, shade-loving, coniferous shrub. Habit is low to prostrate with dense, spreading branches, which will often layer along the ground as they grow outwards. The dark green needles are evergreen, forming flat sprays along the branches. In summer, seeds are formed, surrounded by a red-orange cup-like aril. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.25

THUJA

THUJA occidentalis thuja01 Eastern or Northern White Cedar 12m  Zone: 3 Eastern white cedar is native to the eastern part of Canada and the adjacent northern USA. It is a single or multi-trunked tree with small, scale-like foliage. Bears small cones, which are not particularly noticeable, except in a heavy cone-set year, like 2006, when the foliage of trees could hardly be seen for the cones. Trunk is strongly tapered, often gnarled with redish-brown bark. Branchlets are yellowish-green, forming flat, fan-shaped sprays. The rot and insect-resistant wood is used principally for products in contact with water and soil such as fencing, posts and saunas. Other important products include cabin logs, lumber and shingles. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.00

TILIA	(LINDEN, BASSWOOD, LIME)	Family: TILIACEAE
45 deciduous trees with a wide distribution. Smooth silver-grey bark, fissured on old trees. These deciduous trees are native from North America to Mexico, Europe, some central portions of Asia, and Japan. Handsome plants providing good shade and some varieties are excellent for growing along streets. Bees are highly attracted to the extremely fragrant, minute flowers and produce a delicious Basswood honey. Flowers can also be used for tea.

TILIA americana Summer tilia04 American Linden 24m  Zone: 3 A large, stately Linden not suitable for the small property; pyramidal in youth, with a rounded crown at maturity. Very large (up to 20cm) medium green leaves. Pale yellow, fragrant flowers in summer. Bees apparently make the best honey from this species. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.00

TROCHODENDRON

TROCHODENDRON araloides New Late Spring trochodendron01 Wheel Tree 5-12m  Zone: 6/7 This very handsome, little-known evergreen tree is native to the mountains of Japan to South Korea and Taiwan. Aptly named: the Greek term "trochos" means wheel and "dendron" means tree. This alludes to the numerous stamens that spread like spokes of a wheel to form the flowers. It is the only member of its family and even of its own order, and considered quite primitive in origin. They are very slow growers and they make outstanding container trees. In the wild it can reach 20m, but will be nowhere near this size in cultivation. Its wood resembles the conifers, rather than most dicots. The leathery, dark glossy green leaves are clustered at the tips of branches and the exceptionally neat, spiral arrangement of the foliage catches the eye immediately. New growth is red to bronze with a bronze-green fall color. Bright green flowers in clusters on erect racemes in late spring. Sun to shade; moist, well drained soil. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 30 seeds  $4.50

VACCINIUM	(BLUEBERRY, CRANBERRY)	Family: ERICACEAE
A large genus of deciduous shrubs native to North America and eastern Asia.

VACCINIUM angustifolium Late Spring vaccinium06 Lowbush Blueberry 10-60cm  Zone: 2 This native of north-eastern North America is a low, spreading subshrub, most commonly associated with light, well-drained acidic soils; forming dense, extensive colonies in the wild. The pretty urn-shaped white flowers in spring are tinged with pink and are followed by sweet, dark-blue fruit. Foliage turns bright red in autumn and in the garden the plant makes a wonderful fruiting ground cover. This species is the most important commercial blueberry in the northeastern United States and Canada, with a major portion of the crop gathered from managed wild stands. Throughout its range, it is prized by recreational berry-pickers. Seed wild collected in Ontario. 100 seeds  $4.25

VACCINIUM hirsutum vaccinium10 Hairy Blueberry 90cm  Zone: 5 Known only from N. Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia; a small, deciduous shrub with fine, green, twiggy branches, suckering freely and forming thickets. All aerial parts of the plant are covered with hair. The deep green elliptical leaves are borne on hairy stems and turn a showy brick-red colour in autumn. The white flowers, often tinged pink, borne in racemes are followed by dark-blue hairy fruits, which are very sweet. Very rare in commerce. Limited quantities. Germination Instructions: Easy warm germinator. 25 seeds  $4.50

VACCINIUM vitis-idaea Early Summer vaccinium04 Mountain Cranberry 15-30cm  Zone: 2 A low evergreen shrub with creeping stems and upright branches having small, terminal clusters of pink, nodding, bell-shaped flowers. Leaves are elliptic to oblong, leathery, rounded at both ends, with black dots beneath. Fruit is a dark red, edible berry, used for jam and has a very high Vitamin C content. Limited quantity. Germination Instructions: Easy, warm germinator. 20 seeds  $4.00

VIBURNUM	(WAYFARING TREE)	Family: CAPRIFOLIACEAE
A great genus of 150 woody species originating in the temperate and sub-tropical zones of the northern hemisphere. It has been said that a garden without a Viburnum is akin to life without music and art.

VIBURNUM acerifolium Early Summer viburnum12 Maple-Leaf Viburnum 1-2m  Zone: 3/4 Native to eastern North America growing in the understory of upland hardwood forest or on slopes in moist well drained soil. A small, deciduous multi-stemmed shrub, with an upright, erect form. The large (12cm) three-lobed leaves resemble those of a maple and the beautiful reddish-purple fall colour is outstanding. White flowers in cymes in early summer followed by egg-shaped fruits turning from red to black at maturity. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.50

VIBURNUM cassinoides Summer viburnum04 Witherod Viburnum 1.8m  Zone: 4 Another handsome native shrub with a dense, compact and rounded habit. Slightly arching branches. Emerging leaves are often purple-tinged or bronzy, becoming dark green then changing to red-purples in the fall. Creamy white flowers in early summer, in flat-topped cymes. The fruit cluster is spectacular; changing from green to pink, then red to blue and becoming black in late fall. Sometimes all colours are present simultaneously. For naturalizing, massing or in the shrub border. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 50 seeds  $4.50

VIBURNUM dilatatum Summer viburnum05 Linden Viburnum 4m  Zone: 4 This large shrub from eastern Asia, China and Japan is an outstanding species for showy flower and fruit display. The clean dark green and glossy leaves change to red in autumn. The large blooms in flat-topped cymes are profuse and the red, persistent berries are lovely. One of the easiest viburnums to grow and adaptable to extremes of soil. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.50

VIBURNUM lantanoides (alnifolium) Spring viburnum03 (Witch's) Hobble Bush 3-4m  Zone: 3 I have always been very fond of the Hobble Bush, notwithstanding it's unruly habits. I would not place it in a civilized shrub border, but it is utterly charming and indispensable in my woodland garden. This native suckering shrub is found in the woods of eastern Canada to southeastern United States. The beautiful large (up to 12" across) opposite heart-shaped leaves with sunken veins seem oddly out of place on the slender stems, making them very pronounced. Showy white to pink flowers in large clusters appear in spring. Finally, clusters of oval drupes of berries, first red then black, ripen in late summer and are quickly eaten by birds. The vivid and early color transformation in fall is astounding- one can find maroon to bright red leaves, color-splotching and everything in between. The colors are a visual feast when walking through the woodland. Virtually unavailable in the nursery trade; it tolerates deep shade and dryness and is an elegant and perfect woody partner to almost anything in the shade garden. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 12 seeds  $4.50

VIBURNUM lentago Spring viburnum01 Nannyberry 5.4m  Zone: 2 Native from Manitoba to Hudson Bay and south. An attractive large shrub or small tree with leaves emerging a soft yellow-green, turning glossy dark green then changing to purplish red in fall. White flowers, followed by green, yellow rose and pink fruit maturing purplish black. Wonderful for naturalizing. Wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 10 seeds  $4.00

VIBURNUM opulus 'Xanthocarpum' Early Summer viburnum18 3.5m  Zone: 3 Native to Eurasia; a medium sized deciduous species with dark-green maple-like foliage that yellows in autumn. Flat clusters of white flowers in spring and summer are followed in this form, by shiny, orange-yellow berries in autumn. Has received the RHS AGM (Award of Garden Merit). Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

VIBURNUM prunifolium Spring viburnum11 Blackhaw Viburnum 3-5m  Zone: 3 A native understory shrub in eastern and midwestern North America, which can be limbed up to treeform status. Creamy-white flat-topped flower clusters in spring followed by a mixture of green, yellow, and red-pink fruits turning to blue-black or blue-pink at maturity. Berries can be profusely borne from August through early December and attract birds. Foliage is similar to V. rufidulum (very glossy dark-green summer leaves that explode into vibrant yellow, scarlet or marron hues in fall). Very adaptive; full sun to full shade prefering moist, well-drained soils of average fertility in full sun, but is adaptable to poor soils, compacted soils, soils of various pH, permanently moist soils, dry soils, moderate heat, drought, and pollution. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

VIBURNUM rafinesquianum Early Summer viburnum07 Downy Arrow Wood 2-3m  Zone: 3 Native to eastern North America. In addition to beautiful, white lacy flowers in summer and abundant black fruits in fall, this shrub also has outstanding fall color — a dazzling display of golds, pinks, and reds. You can plant downy arrow-wood en-masse for screening or alone and limb it up so that it takes the form of a beautiful small specimen tree. It transplants readily, thrives in dry soil and full sun, but will tolerate light shade. It is also a wonderful plant for wildlife. The airy, flowers attract bees and the black fruits appeal to both birds and mammals. We have long searched for this species in the wild in our area, and are happy to finally offer wild collected Ontario seed. Plants were found happily growing in a most inhospitable dry alvar site on shallow soil. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.25

VIBURNUM recognitum Early Summer viburnum13 Northern Arrowwood 3m  Zone: 4 (Viburnum dentatum var. lucidum) This species is rare in our area, although native to most of eastern North America. It is an upright, spreading shrub of moist to wet places. The dark-green leaves are smooth and prominently toothed. Creamy-white flowers in clusters followed by fleshy dark-blue berries. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

VIBURNUM sargentii (ex 'Flavum') viburnum17 3m  Zone: 3/4 Native to northeastern Asia. A deciduous shrub with an upright, multistemmed habit. The dark-green tri-lobed, maple-like foliage takes on bronze to reddish fall colouring. The showy white flowers are in large clusters followed by persistent fruit in autumn. This variety has yellow fruit. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 15 seeds  $4.25

VIBURNUM trilobum Spring viburnum02 American Cranberrybush To 4m  Zone: 2 Native throughout Canada and into the USA. This is an excellent plant for hedges and screening with lustrous medium to dark green leaves changing yellow to red-purple in fall. New growth has a reddish tinge. White flowers in cymes in the spring followed by bright red berries holding on the shrub through winter. Prefers good, well drained moist soil; sun or part shade. Highbush cranberry has a long tradition of use both as an edible fruit and as a traditional medicine. When fresh, the fruit are hard, very sour (acidic) and high in pectin. The fruit is best when picked slightly under-ripe, and prepared as sauce or jelly. Seed wild collected in Ontario. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 20 seeds  $4.00

WEIGELA		Family: CAPRIFOLIACEAE
A small genus of 10 deciduous shrubs native to eastern Asia.

WEIGELA florida Spring weigela01 Old Fashioned Weigela 2-3m  Zone: 3/4 Native to northern China, Korea and Japan. This woody relative of honeysuckle is hardly rare, but it is tough, low maintenance, fast growing and versatile plant. It is drought tolerant once established, but does not mind a moist spot. It prefers full sun but will tolerate less. Last but not least, it is showy in bloom. This deciduous shrub has a spreading, rounded habit, with branches often arching to the ground. The abundant and showy deep-pink funnel-shaped flowers with yellow throats cover the arching branches in spring. Germination Instructions: Easy warm germinator. 50 seeds  $4.00

ZANTHOXYLUM

ZANTHOXYLUM americanum Early Summer zanthoxylum01 Northern Prickly Ash 4m  Zone: 3 I have oft been requested to collect seed of this species for those of you growing for the ethnobotany industry. Native to eastern North America growing on upland rocky hillsides, moist low-lying sites or in open woods, sometimes forming dense thickets in the wild. This is a small tree or shrub armed with strong, conical brown prickles along its branches. It has good lustrous foliage and all parts of the plant are fragrant. The bruised leaves and the seed have a delicious resinous citrus-like perfume. Insignificant flowers in early summer are followed by showy black seeds inside a red berry-like casing, which splits when the seed is ripe. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.00

ZANTHOXYLUM simulans Spring zanthoxylum02 Pepper Tree 3m+  Zone: 5/6 Native to eastern China and Taiwan. This is a handsome spiny spreading shrub or small tree with aromatic, glossy, bright-green pinnate foliage turning reddish-yellow in autumn. The trunks are adorned with fascinating knobby spines (not prickles) that recall little rhinoceros horns. Clusters of small, yellowish-green flowers are followed by orange-red fruits, which are dried and used as a condiment, either whole or ground, known as Sichuan Pepper. This is stronger than black pepper and popular for stir-fries and salads in the far east. Germination Instructions: Cold treatment required. 25 seeds  $4.50